ELASTICITY AND STRENGTH Minimum Tensile Strength of Spring Wire by Diameter Machinery's Handbook, 31st Edition
392
Wire Type Stainless Steel 18-8
Music Wire
Hard-Drawn MB
Oil Temp. MB
Cr–V Alloy
Phosphor Bronze
Chrome Silicon
Wire Dia.
inch mm kpsi MPa kpsi MPa kpsi MPa kpsi MPa kpsi MPa kpsi MPa kpsi MPa 0.004 0.10 439 3027 … … … … 325 2241 … … 140 965 … … 0.008 0.20 399 2751 … … … … 325 2241 … … 140 965 … … 0.012 0.30 377 2599 … … … … 316 2179 … … … … … … 0.020 0.51 350 2413 283 1951 288 1986 300 2068 … … … … … … 0.028 0.71 333 2296 271 1868 281 1937 284 1958 … … … … … … 0.032 0.81 327 2255 265 1827 275 1896 278 1917 281 1937 … … 300 2068 0.035 0.89 322 2220 261 1800 268 1848 274 1889 276 1903 … … 298 2055 0.041 1.04 314 2165 255 1758 261 1800 270 1862 270 1862 135 931 298 2055 0.047 1.19 307 2117 248 1710 254 1751 262 1806 263 1813 … … 292 2013 0.054 1.37 301 2075 243 1675 248 1710 258 1779 257 1772 … … 292 2013 0.063 1.60 293 2020 237 1634 242 1669 251 1731 251 1731 130 896 290 1999 0.072 1.83 287 1979 232 1600 236 1627 245 1689 245 1689 … … 288 1986 0.080 2.03 282 1944 227 1565 230 1586 240 1655 240 1655 … … 285 1965 0.092 2.34 275 1896 220 1517 225 1551 233 1606 235 1620 … … 280 1931 0.105 2.67 269 1855 216 1489 220 1517 227 1565 229 1579 125 862 275 1896 0.120 3.05 263 1813 210 1448 215 1482 221 1524 222 1531 … … 275 1896 0.135 3.43 258 1779 206 1420 210 1448 213 1469 219 1510 … … 270 1862 0.148 3.76 253 1744 203 1400 205 1413 207 1427 215 1482 … … 268 1848 0.162 4.11 249 1717 200 1379 200 1379 200 1379 212 1462 … … 162 1117 0.177 4.50 245 1689 195 1344 195 1344 195 1344 210 1448 … … 260 1793 0.192 4.88 241 1662 192 1324 190 1310 189 1303 206 1420 … … 260 1793 0.207 5.26 238 1641 190 1310 185 1276 185 1276 204 1407 … … 260 1793 0.225 5.72 225 1551 186 1282 183 1262 180 1241 200 1379 120 827 255 1758 0.250 6.35 220 1517 182 1255 180 1241 174 1200 196 1351 … … 250 1724 0.312 7.92 … … 174 1200 178 1227 160 1103 189 1303 110 758 245 1689 0.375 9.53 … … 167 1151 175 1207 … … 187 1289 … … 240 1655 0.437 11.10 … … 165 1138 170 1172 … … 186 1282 … … 235 1620 0.500 12.70 … … 156 1076 165 1138 … … 185 1276 100 689 230 1586 For allowable working stresses and recommended design stresses in bending related to severity of service, refer to Fig. 1 through Fig. 10 on pages 310 through 313, and for endurance limits for compression springs made from these materials refer to Fig. 11 on page 315 in the section on spring stresses. Effect of Temperature on Elasticity and Strength of Metals.— Most ferrous metals have a maximum strength at approximately 400°F (204°C), whereas the strength of non ferrous alloys is a maximum at about room temperature. The table below gives general data for variation in metal strength with temperature. The modulus of elasticity of metals decreases regularly with increasing temperatures above room temperature until at some elevated temperature it falls off rapidly and reaches zero at the melting point. Influence of Temperature on the Strength of Metals
210 ° F (99 ° C)
400 ° F (204 ° C)
570 ° F (299 ° C)
750 ° F (399 ° C)
930 ° F (499 ° C)
1100 ° F (593 ° C)
1300 ° F (704 ° C)
1475 ° F (802 ° C)
Material
Strength in Percent of Strength at 70°F (21 ° C)
Wrought iron
104
112
116
96 92 97 86 59 26
76 76 57 49 42 18
42 42
25
15
Cast iron
… 100
99
… …
Steel castings Structural steel
109 103
125 132
121 122
… … …
28
… …
Copper Bronze
95
85 94
73 57
… … … … … …
101
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