Machinery's Handbook, 31st Edition
PREFACE The PLASTICS section, beginning on page 555, has received important updates, with new information on material characteristics, properties, and costs; calculations for elastic- ity, stress, strain, loads, and temperature effects; manufacturing and machining processes; design considerations; use of plastics for prototyping; and additive manufacturing (AM). Metal Additive Manufacturing , beginning on page 1555, has been redone, with illustra- tions and tables and updated text addressing the ongoing evolution of this dynamic field; key trends and recent developments in materials, processes and workflow, production consider - ations, and finishing; comparisons of AM costs, efficiencies, and capabilities with conven - tional processes for producing parts; and applicable ASTM and ISO standards. The related topic of POWDER METALLURGY , beginning on page 1522, also has received updates and added dimensional information. A new CORROSION section on page 548 discusses forms, causes, and methods of preven- tion; galvanic series, compatibility, and coupling; and common effects and mitigation meth- ods. Other surface-related information includes updates in FINISHING OPERATIONS , starting on page 1632, on electropolishing, passivation, and plating, and added Sheet Metal Mill Finishes on page 1448. Related sheet metal additions include Blanking Pressure on page 1413, Three- Roll Bending on page 1423, and Sheet Metal Gauge Sizes on page 1453. In MACHINING OPERATIONS , see page 1154 for new material on boring and indexable boring bars. The new NONTRADITIONAL MACHINING AND CUTTING section on page 1344 describes mechanical erosion and electro-thermal processes. And in CNC NUMER- ICAL CONTROL PROGRAMMING , the topic CAD/CAM , on page 1390, has been reintro- duced and revised. IRON AND STEEL CASTING has been renamed METAL CASTING, MOLDING, AND EXTRUSION , and this section, starting on page 1480, has been rewritten and expanded. Look for new information on working with iron, steel, and nonferrous casting metals; indus- try casting and molding processes; heating, pouring, flow, and fluidity; heat transfer, solidifi - cation, and cooling; and materials, applications, casting defects, design considerations, and computer modeling. The SOLDERING AND BRAZING and WELDING sections also have received important updates, including new and revised figures and tables, and an expanded section on Non destructive Testing, on page 1627. O-RINGS , on page 2666, has been rewritten and expanded, with 13 tables and details of standards, designations, selection, clearance gap, cramping, face seals, glands, grooves, installation, lubrication, squeeze, stretch, and equations. In UNIFIED SCREW THREADS, the latest Standard Series and Selected Combination tables, beginning on page 1951, incorporate numerous updates. TRANSMISSION CHAINS, on page 2616, has been revised, with meticulous updates to the Horsepower Ratings for Roller Chains tables, based on the latest standards. There are the countless other changes in tables, figures, calculations, and text resulting from the Handbook team’s extensive review of current industry standards. As in previous editions, we continue to include expanded, parallel US Customary and metric figures. Where possible, formulas are presented with equivalent metric expressions (some in bold). Addition of new and revised Handbook topics often requires removal of older topics to gain space. Materials removed from the print book generally appear in the Digital Edition , which contains added material not in the current print edition. Included in the Digital Edition are mathematical tables on topics such as logarithms and trigonometry; material on cement and concrete, adhesives and sealants, coloring and etching metals, forge shop equipment, silent chain, worm and other gears, keys and keyways; and many other extracts from past editions that may be of use and interest. Absent in the 31st print edition is a conversion table that previously appeared on page 3 on fractional and decimal inch to millimeter conversion; the same information can be found in tables in the MEASURING UNITS section, which starts on page 2831. Other material moved to the Digital Edition includes tabular data, such as constants involving uses of π, moments of inertia and section moduli for shafts, and an older screw thread table on European systems, as well as a short section on Bakelite, and Change Gears for Helical Mill- ing. Users requiring this information, or wishing to comment on these or other topics moved to the Digital Edition , are urged to contact the editors. viii
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