The good news is that FIS allows the TD to override 655.2.1 through 655.4 if the review of the course is deemed acceptable for safety and performance. As of 2025, these standards remained in place without sustainability considerations . • Athlete and Broadcast Needs: Lighting must provide glare-free, consistent illumination for athletes’ depth perception and terrain comprehension. For video, a high CRI (>0.90) and balanced spectrum (450–650 nm) ensure accurate color rendition in conjunction with white balance. ( IMPORTANT : Do you need broadcast quality lighting? Unless your venue intends to host events that will be professionally filmed (videoed) or aired on television and/or high-resolution internet sites, there is no reason to design for such purposes. Today’s cell phone cameras can achieve excellent resolution for personal videos and photos under recreational slope lighting levels.) The 80 lux guideline was written for a conventional light meter measuring photopic lighting from any source. These measurements include ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet light as well as infrared that cannot be seen by the human eye . The result is that a typical measurement of 80 lux for a hot metal halide fixture may contain only 60% to 70% of usable light that falls into the effective range of human vision. The ratio of various
wavelengths within the spectrum determines how well the eye can detect color, contrast, and even depth perception. Visually effective lumens (VELs) as a criterion for snow venue lighting is critically important because unbalanced high intensity lighting can seriously distort the visual perception of the snow surface and interfere with the
eye’s focusing mechanism. Technical reasons for this include pupil dilation, lighting angle relative to the field of vision, and slope angle. In a research paper addressing the reaction of the human eye in the dark by H. S. Gradle, M.D; Walter Ackerman, B.S. published by JAMA back in 1932, the following conclusions were reported: The reaction time of the normal pupil was established by cinematographic means . Briefly, it was found that when light is flashed on a normal eye that is accommodated for the dark, there occurs a latent period of 0.1875 second before the pupil begins to contract. Then there follows a rapid primary contraction for 0.4365 second at the rate of 5.48 mm. per second. This is succeeded by a secondary contraction of 0.3125 second at the slower rate of 1.34 mm. per second. Emphasis is added to “cinematographic means” because virtually all lighting standards for filming were derived from early studies. For example, the typical movie camera filmed at 24 frames per second (fps). This is the slowest rate that can provide reasonably smooth visual frame transition while saving the most amount of physical film. Today, physical film is not a consideration and has no bearing upon video. Even now, video standards tend to fall within the same film guidelines to save on memory requirements. Unless there is a slow motion
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