CRIMINAL LAW 1 THE REVISED PENAL CODE (BOOK I)
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 True or False ................................................. 23 Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Title One – FELONIES AND CIRCUMSTANCES
2023 04-RC-00033-0 978-621-04-4824-5 WHICH AFFECT CRIMINAL LIABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 CHAPTER I. Felonies .......................................... 31 Article 3. Definitions ........................................ 31 What Is Felonious? ........................................... 31 ElementsofFelonies.......................................... 31 “Actus Non Facit Reum, Nisi Mens Sit Rea” ........................ 32 What Is “Mens Rea” ? ......................................... 32 ClassificationofFelonies....................................... 32 Malice...................................................... 34 Motive ..................................................... 34 Intentional Crimes vs. Criminal Negligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Article 4. Criminal liability .................................. 40 Factors Affecting Criminal Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 What Is Proximate Cause? ..................................... 43 Error in Personae ............................................. 47 Praeter Intentionem .......................................... 49 Mistake of Fact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 WhatIs“Information”?........................................ 53 Impossible Crime ............................................. 53 What Is Legal Impossibility? .................................... 55 What Is Factual or Physical Impossibility? ......................... 55 Article 5. Duty of the court in connection with acts which should be repressed but which are not covered by the law, and in cases of excessive penalties ............ 60 BS Criminology, BS Forensic Science, BS Industrial Security Management Article 6. Consummated, frustrated, and attempted felonies ..... 64 Basic Rules on the Three Stages of Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 When Is Crime Frustrated? ..................................... 68 AttemptedFelonies........................................... 71 WhatIsOvertorExternalAct?.................................. 71 PreparatoryActs............................................. 72 Frustrated Felony vs. Attempted Felony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Intent to Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Article 7. When light felonies are punishable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 What Are Light Felonies? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Examples of Light Felonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Article 8. Conspiracy and proposal to commit felony . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Conspiracy .................................................. 84 Proposal to Commit Felony .................................... 84 EssenceofConspiracy......................................... 84 ElementsofConspiracy........................................ 87 Implied Conspiracy ........................................... 91 Co-conspirators May Be Held Liable for Other Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Multiple Conspiracies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 The “wheel” or “circle” conspiracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 The“chain”conspiracy........................................ 100 Article 9. Grave felonies, less grave felonies and light felonies . . . 103 Article 10. Offenses not subject to the provisions of this Code . . . . 105 Special Law .................................................. 106 Life Imprisonment vs. Reclusion Perpetua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 True or False ................................................. 108 Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
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CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Preface ............................................................. xviii THE REVISED PENAL CODE – BOOK I Preliminary Title – DATE OF EFFECTIVENESS AND APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS CODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Article 1. Time when Act takes effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 What Is a Penal Law? ......................................... 1 Classes of Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Mala In Se vs. Mala Prohibita ................................... 4 What Is Proof beyond Reasonable Doubt? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CriminalActionvs.CivilAction.................................. 6 Ex Post Facto Lawvs.BillofAttainder............................ 6 Classical Theory .............................................. 8 Positivist Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Utilitarian Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Equipoise Doctrine or Equipoise Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 In Dubio Pro Reo ............................................. 11 RuleofLenity................................................ 12 The Pro Reo Doctrine in Criminal Law ............................ 12 Finality-of-AcquittalDoctrine................................... 12 DoubleJeopardy............................................. 15 Article 2. Application of its provisions ........................ 19 Territoriality Principle ......................................... 19 Extraterritoriality Principle ..................................... 20 What Is the Flag State Rule? .................................... 21 The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 True or False ................................................. 23 MultipleChoice.............................................. 25 WHICH AFFECT CRIMINAL LIABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 CHAPTER I. Felonies .......................................... 31 Article 3. Definitions ........................................ 31 What Is Felonious? ........................................... 31 ElementsofFelonies.......................................... 31 “Actus Non Facit Reum, Nisi Mens Sit Rea” ........................ 32 What Is “Mens Rea” ? ......................................... 32 ClassificationofFelonies....................................... 32 Malice...................................................... 34 Motive ..................................................... 34 Intentional Crimes vs. Criminal Negligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Article 4. Criminal liability .................................. 40 Factors Affecting Criminal Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 What Is Proximate Cause? ..................................... 43 Error in Personae ............................................. 47
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Title One – FELONIES AND CIRCUMSTANCES
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