PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
In this chapter, we will work with the five Principles of Design — BAL ANCE ; SCAL E ; PROPORT ION ; UN I T Y, RHY THM, AND HARMONY; FOCAL POI NT . These principals are the tools with which the five Elements are applied. BAL ANCE Balance is defined as visual equilibrium in design. It is visual weight that will make an object appear heavier or lighter than others and affect the balance of the room. • Large objects, bright colors and rough textures have heavy visual weights. • Small objects, cool colors and smooth surfaces are visually lighter. There are three types of balance: SYMME TR I CAL BAL ANCE Creates a mirror image from one side of an axis to another. It is formal and rigid and can add stateliness or dignity to a room. Notice how the symmetrical furniture and lighting in this room create a more formal feel.
ASYMME TR I CAL BAL ANCE Creates a feeling of equilibrium by using different objects of same visual weight on both sides of the axis. It is created through variation in shape, color and pattern. Asymmetrical balance tends to be more interpretive and less formal. Notice the varying shapes and sizes in this space and how it creates a more casual feel. RAD I AL BAL ANCE Created by working outward in a circle from a central point, it creates a good gathering space, conducive to conversation. It can be achieved not only with a round table but with rectangular or square pieces placed in a circular manner. Notice how the round dining table acts as the central point with the chairs working their way around it.
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