Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea) Part II
Ready plant production
Syngenta Flowers APAC Technical Webinar for Tropical Regions 10-17-2024 2 p.m.
Inka Orange 70041091
Short recap of previous Webinar • Catharanthus Syngenta assortment overview (Cora XDR, Cora Cascade XDR, SunStorm, Blockbuster, Cobra, SunJewels). XDR genetic opportunity. • Hygiene: - quarantine meaning, - infection sources, - mind a gap, isolate your plants from ground. • Start with clean substrate. • Low pH (less than 5.8) protects your plants from Thielaviopsis.
• Sowing & germination stage. • How to adjust pH, manual. • Disease protection.
Your questions are welcome through Q&A!
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5 components of success with Catharanthus
Right genetic.
Plant protection
pH < 5.8!
Feed your plants.
Light lover
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Right genetic. XDR
• Extreme disease resistant (more than 35 aerial • Branching habit • Excellent garden
Phytophthora lines)
and outdoor performance
Right genetic.
Cora Cascade XDR Polka Dot
Cora XDR Polka Dot
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What is a XDR genetic?
Let’s make your choice
Right genetic.
Phytophthora damage
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What is a XDR genetic?
Right genetic.
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Young plant stage. Keep pH < 5.8
• Checking pH regularly: - in the water before every watering. - in the substrate one time per week. • pH range: 5.5―5.8(5.9)
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• . Keep substrate moisture on level 3 and 4 . Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations.
Level 5 SATURATED
Level 4 WET
Level 3 MEDIUM
Level 2 MEDIUM DRY
Level 1 DRY
pH < 5.8.
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Young plant stage. Keep pH < 5.8
• What a problem with pH on Catharanthus looks like:
pH < 5.8.
Unproper pH and overwatering
Healthy plants
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Young plant stage. Feed your plants.
• Substrate EC (SME): 0.9―1.3 mS/cm • Provide plant with 75―125 ppm of nitrogen. • Do not use too much phosphorus! • Suitable NPK rate: 15-5-15, 15-3-15 15-5-10, 18-5-15, 17-5-17. • Give fertilizers with every watering.
• Do not use 15 - 15 - 15 or 17 - 17 - 17 ! • Do not use ureum (NH2)2CO! • Do not use clean water (without fertilizers).
Feed your plants.
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Young plant stage. Feed your plants.
• Translate 75―125 ppm of nitrogen to gram of NPK. • Do not use too much phosphorus! • Suitable NPK rate: 15-5-15, 15-3-15 15-5-10, 18-5-15, 17-5-17. How to convert ppm of N into mass of fertilizers? The range of nitrogen recommended in the growing tips is 57―125 ppm. Let’s start with 75 ppm. 75 ppm means 75 mg should be added into 1 l of water. There is available fertilizer with NPK rate like 15–5–17 % on the farm. NPK rate like 15–5–17 contains 15 mg of nitrogen in 100 mg. Thus, to get 75 mg of nitrogen we need to take: (75 x 100)/15 = 500* mg of fertilizer.
Proper NPK rate
Feed your plants.
* 500 (0.5 g) provides EC in the water about 0,7 ―0,9 mSm /cm
! Don’t forget to provide Ca and Mg every 5 th or 6 th watering!
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Young plant stage. Light lover.
• Catharanthus is really heat and light loving crop.
• Temperature - Day:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
- Night:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
• Light intensity : 20―30 KLk
Partial Sun/Shade
Moderate Shade
Full Sun
Light Shade
Heavy Shade
Light lover.
Only slight shading required
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Transplanting. Substrates & how to choose?
Substarte components are mostly available on the market: Peat, Cocopeat & coco chips, Wood fiber peat, Rise husk, Vermicompost, Compost on the base of dunk, Natural soils. Wood fiber peat,
Plant protection
pH < 5.8!
Example of substrate mixture based on the natural soil and organic compounds
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Transplanting. Substrates mixtures.
Example of substrate mixtures: 1/3 natural soil + 1/3 vermicompost + 1/6 cocopeat + 1/6 husk compost, 1/3 natural soil + 1/3 vermicompost + 1/3 cocopeat, 1/2 rice husk* + 1/4 cocopeat + 1/4 vermicompost, 1/2 rice husk + 1/4 perlite + 1/4 cocopeat + 1/8 vermicompost… * rice husk has suitable for Catharanthus low pH • Avoid using vermiculite (too high pH) • At ready stage most of component are suitable if you provide good protection. • Add Trichoderma-base or bacterial-base chemical into substrate mixture.
Plant protection
pH < 5.8!
EXAMPLE
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Vegetation. pH < 5.8. Feed your plants.
• pH range: 5.5―5.8(5.9)
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• Substrate EC SME: 1.5―2.1 mS/cm • Fertigation: 125―175 ppm of nitrogen
• Keep substrate moisture on level 2 and 4. Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations.
Feed your plants.
Level 5 SATURATED
Level 4 WET
Level 3 MEDIUM
Level 2 MEDIUM DRY
Level 1 DRY
pH < 5.8.
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Vegetation. Feed your plants well. • Translate 125―175 ppm of nitrogen to gram of NPK. • Do not use too much phosphorus! • Suitable NPK rate: 15-5-15, 15-3-15 15-5-10, 18-5-15, 17-5-17. How to convert ppm of N into mass of fertilizers? The range of nitrogen recommended in the growing tips is 57―125 ppm. Let’s start with 125 ppm. 125 ppm means 125 mg should be added into 1 l of water. There is available fertilizer with NPK rate like 15–5–17 % on the farm. NPK rate like 15–5–17 contains 15 mg of nitrogen in 100 mg. Thus, to get 125 mg of nitrogen we need to take: (125 x 100)/15 = 833,3* mg of fertilizer. The same calculation for 175 mg of nitrogen we need to take: (175 x 100)/15 = 1166,7 mg of fertilizer. * 833,3 (0.5 g) provides EC in the water about 1,2―1,4 mSm /cm
Proper NPK rate
Feed your plants.
! Don’t forget to provide Ca and Mg every 5 th or 6 th watering!
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Vegetation. Light lover.
• Catharanthus is a really heat and light loving crop. • Temperature - Day:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
- Night:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
• Light intensity : 60―80 KLk
Partial Sun/Shade
Moderate Shade
Full Sun
Light Shade
Heavy Shade
Light lover.
Ok with open sun!
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Catharanthus disease management
Most common Catharanthus seedling diseases.
Disease
Active ingredients (rate in chemical)
Active Ingredient concentration in solution g/l*
Use as prophylactic
iprodione (50%)
1.25 g/l
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (82.5%)
0.83–1.2 g/l 0.5–0,75 g/l 0.75–1,25 g/l
Thielaviopsis
fenhexamid (50%)
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%)
azoxystrobin (50%) fludioxonil (125 g/l)
0.15 g/l
+
0.05–0.07 g/l
Rhizoctonia
chlorothalonil (72%) + thiophanate-methyl (18%)
0.75–1,25 g/l chlorothalonil or/and 0.18–0,27 g/l
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%) polyoxin D zinc salt (11.3%)
0.75–1,25 g/l
0.07 g/l 0.15 g/l
azoxystrobin (50%)
pyraclostrobin (12.8%) + boscalid (25.2%)
0.03–0.07 g/l pyraclostrobin or/and 0.05–0.15 g/l boscalid
Plant protection
Phytophthora
+
propamocarb (600 g/l)
1.8 g/l
mankozeb (640 g/kg) + mefenoxam (40 g/kg)
* Rotate active ingredients (AI). Don’t apply the same AI more than 3 times at row. Check phytotoxicity!
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Catharanthus disease management
What to do if you are late with protection?
• Remove plants immediately. • Remove surrounded plants as well! • Do not continue work without performing sanitary procedures.
Plant protection
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Close to finish
Week Stage:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
seedlings development
tranplanting
plants development
Blooming
germination (1-3 days)
Chamber:
Optional
Temperature day, 0 C Temperature night, 0 C Substrate humidity, 1—5 Tray/pot type → Spacing, cm
24—25 24—25
23—24(25) 23—24(25)
24—26(28) 18—19(23)
5
3(2)—4
2—4
288-cells 5.5—5.9
pot: 11 (15)
Substrate pH, 1—14
5.5—5.9
2.5
2
2
2
1.5—1.7
1.7
1.5
1
Water EC, mS/cm
Ca+Mg application (↑)
0.5
Substrate EC (SME), mSm/cm
0.5—0.7
0.9—1.3 75—125 15–3–15
2.3—3.2 125—175
Fertifation (N), ppm
— —
NPK rate, & Ca+Mg application (↑)
10–5–17, 10–3–15, 15–3–18
not required for germ.
Plant protection
Light intensity, KLk
20—30(35)
60—80
Day length, hours
—
Day neutral
Day neutral
pinching
not recommended
not recommended
B-Nine® WSG at 2000-3500 ppm (1 time optional)
PGRs
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Q&A session.
• Thank you for your time. • For more information, please contact your Key Account Manager.
Amjad.Iqbal@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SEAP (South East Asia & Pakistan) (Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipines, Cambodja, etc
Ivan.Pozdnyakov@syngenta.com Technical Sales Specialist SA/SEAP
Gautam.Sangle@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SA (South Asia) (India, Nepal, Bangladesh)
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