37 | أخلاق العائلية ومستقبل الديمقراطية في العالم العربي
(22) Vanhanen, T. The Limits of Democratization: Climate, Intelligence, and Resource Distribution, (Washington Summit Publishers, Augusta, GA, 2009). (23) Welzel, C. Freedom Rising: Human Empowerment and the Quest for Emancipation, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013), pp. 257-258. Typology is available in annual measures for most countries of the world from 1981 to 2010. (24) Source: Index invented and documented in Welzel, Freedom Rising (2013: 222-225), (Visited on: 14 November 2018): www.cambridge.org/welzel (Online Appendix, pp. 66-70). (25) Gibney M, Wood, R &Cornett, L., “The Political Terror Scale”, 2008, (Visited on: 14 November 2018): Available at: www.politicalterrorscale.org (26) The Global Competitiveness Report, op.cit. ** تقـوم جمعيـة المسـح الدولـي حـول القيـم، التـي يوجـد موقعهـا بالولايـات المتحـدة، ببحوث كل سـبع سـنوات حـول مختلـف بلـدان العالـم. وتهـم مجـالات البحـث الاتجاهـات فـي مجـالات السياسـة والديـن والأخـ ق. للتوسـع، انظـر المعطيـات علـى الموقـع الآتـي: http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp (27) Sidan, Y. M & Thornberry, J., “Nepotism in the Arab World: An Institutional Theory Perspec- tive”, Business Ethics Quarterly, (Vol. 23, N. 1, 2013), pp. 69-96. (28) Waterbury, J. The commander of the faithful: the Moroccan political elite. A study in segmented politics, (Columbia University Press, New York, 1970). (29) Benhaddou, A. Les é lites du royaume, Enqu ê te sur lorganisation du pouvoir au Maroc, (Rive- neuve é ditions, Paris, 2009). (30) Mazaheri, N., “The Saudi Monarchy and Economic Familism in an Era of Business Environment Reforms”, Business and Politics, (Vol. 15, N. 3, 2013), pp. 295-321. ) الجابـري، محمـد عابـد، العقـل السياسـي العربـي: محدداتـه وتجلياتـه، (مركـز دراسـات الوحـدة العربيـة، 31( .4 )، ط 2000 ، ال ـدار البيضـاء (32) Fukuyama, F. The Origins of Political Order: From Prehuman Times to the French Revolution,
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