Gorffennol Volume 7 (2023)

failures. The Brusilov Offensive, Verdun, and the Somme all bear markings of a tactical shift

in the conduct of war on an operational level.

Bibliography

Primary Sources

‘Blank Cheque’, in The Outbreak of the First World War: Selected Documents, Ed. by Immanuel Geiss (London: Batsford, 1967) ‘Minutes of Ministerial Council on affairs of State held at Vienna, July 7 1914…’, in Source Records of the Great War , Vol. I, Ed. Charles F. (Horne: National Alumni, 1923) ‘Admiral von Muller’s Diary, Dec 8 1912’, in J.C.G Rohl, The Kaiser and his Court: Wilhelm II and the Government of Germany, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994)

Secondary Literature

Boyd, Douglas, The Other First World War: The Blood-Soaked Russian Fronts 1914-1922 (Stroud: Spellmount, 2014) Browning, Peter, The Changing Nature of Warfare: The Development of Land Warfare from 1792-1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002) Dowling, Timothy C., The Brusilov Offensive (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008) Golovin , Nikolai, ‘Brusilov’s Offensive: The Galician Battle of 1916’, The Slavonic and East European Review, 13. 39 (1935), 571-596 Golovin , Nikolai, ‘The Russian War Plan of 1914’, The Slavonic and East European Review, 14. 42 (1936), 564-584 Gudmundsson, Bruce I., Stormtroop Tactics: Innovation in the German Army, 1914-18 (Westport: Praeger Publishing, 1989) Herwig, Holger H., The First World War: Germany and Austriq-Hungary 1914-1918 (London: Arnold, 1997) Jeffery, Keith, 1916: A Global History (London: Bloomsbury, 2015) Lloyd, Nick, The Western Front: A History of the First World War (London: Penguin Books Limited, 2021) Marble, Sanders, King of Battle: Artillery in World War 1 (Leiden: BRILL, 2015)

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