Wildlife Diversity Program Quarterly Report for January–March 2025
Migratory Shorebirds Return to North Carolina’s Shores! by Carmen Johnson, Coastal Waterbird Biologist; Claire Reilly, Waterbird Technician; and Jacob Krueger, Waterbird Technician
T he arrival of spring marks the resumption of International Shorebird Sur- veys (ISS), which are conducted by the Waterbird Team each year during spring and autumn migrations. The ISS is a volunteer-based survey initiative organized by Manomet Conservation Sciences to collect data about shorebird migration across the Western Hemisphere. These data are used to inform con- servation decisions and increase understanding of movement ecology, popula- tion trends, and the habitat that birds use along regular migration paths. In March, the team conducted surveys in Carteret and Pamlico counties on some of the vital coastal habitat that migrating birds depend on. The first type of habitat surveyed was sand shoals. Shifting ocean currents and sediment deposition create areas of shallow water with ridges of sand, com- monly referred to as “shoals.” These areas may be exposed or submerged, depending on tide stage, moon phase, and wind direction. Shoals serve as cru- cial rest stops for migrating birds, providing valuable foraging habitat where birds can refuel and rest before continuing their long journeys. The Waterbird Team observed over 300 individuals using the shoals for foraging and roosting, representing twelve species, including Dunlin, Short-Billed Dowitcher, Piping Plover, and Common Tern. The next survey was conducted at a vegetated dredged-material island, where approximately 1,000 Double-crested Cormorants were seen roosting. After walking the perimeter, the team recorded 14 species in total, including shore- birds such as Short-billed Dowitchers and Black-bellied Plovers. Additionally, about 200 Brown Pelicans were spotted selecting nesting sites and gathering nesting material for the upcoming breeding season. The final survey was conducted at a waterfowl impoundment, where marshy areas and mudflats provide crucial stopover habitat for migrating shorebirds. In addition to eight species of ducks, the team observed over 600 individuals across 14 species of shorebirds. Some notable species included American Avocet, a rare Hudsonian Godwit, and a single Piping Plover—unusual (but exciting!) sight- ings for this area.
CLAIRE REILLY/NCWRC
CLAIRE REILLY/NCWRC
Top: Least Sandpiper foraging on a mudflat. Middle: Two male Piping Plovers having a territorial dispute. Bottom: American Avocet in non-breeding plumage.
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NCWRC
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