Equine Physiology Workbook

Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibres

Skeletal muscle compositions vary.

Variables

Size (small, intermediate, large)

 Myoglobin content (red muscle fibres=more myoglobin, white muscle fibres=less)  Rate of contraction (fast, slow)  ATP production (glycolytic, oxidative)  Rate of fatigue (fast, slow)

Slow Oxidative

Smallest, least powerful fibres

 Dark red due to high myoglobin and blood capillaries content  Many large mitochondria and slow rate of contraction due to aerobic cellular respiration (reason they are called oxidative).  Twitch contraction lasts 100 – 200msec and take longer to reach peak tension.  Fatigue-resistant; prolonged, sustained contractions for many hours  Ideal muscles for posture and endurance activities

Fast Oxidative–Glycolytic

Intermediate size

 Dark red due to high myoglobin content and blood capillaries content.  Intermediate rate of contraction due to aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration  Twitch contraction reaches peak tension faster than so fibres but are briefer in duration < 100msec.  Intermediate fatigue–resistance  Ideal for walking or sprinting

Fast Glycolytic

 Largest, most powerful fibres (contain the most myofibrils)  White due to few myoglobin molecules  Large amounts of glycogen and generate atp mainly by glycolysis  Fastest rate of contraction due to anaerobic cellular respiration  Low level of fatigue resistance  Ideal for explosive movements

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