5) Corticotrophs
Secretes Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) aka Corticotropin and Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH).
Function of ACTH & MSH:
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids such as cortisol.
The function of MSH is to stimulate melanocytes in skin & hair to produce melanin.
Control of ACTH & MSH:
Release of ACTH is controlled by
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) No inhibiting hormone Stress-related stimuli, low blood glucose, or physical trauma also stimulate the release of ACTH. Suppression is through negative feedback.
MSH is controlled by UV radiation.
Posterior Pituitary Gland
The posterior pituitary aka Neurohypophysis does NOT synthesize hormones. However, it does STORE and RELEASE 2 hormones. The posterior pituitary consists of axons and axon terminals for more than 10,000 hypothalamic neurosecretary cells. The cell bodies of these cells are in the Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei of the hypothalamus, and their axons form the Hypothalamohypophyseal Tract. The paraventricular nucleus synthesizes the hormone Oxytocin (OT) and the supraoptic nucleus produces Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) aka Vasopressin .
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