98
American history, architecture, archeology, or culture. Cupola [kyü'po-la] – A small structure, usually polygonal, built on top of a roof or tower, mostly for ornamental purposes. Deck – An uncovered porch, usually at the rear of a building; popular in modern residential design. Demolition by Neglect – The destruction of a building through abandonment or lack of maintenance. Dentil – Small, closely spaced blocks, often toothlike, used as an ornamental element of a classical cornice. Design Standards – Criteria developed by preservation commissions and architectural review boards to identify design concerns in an area and to help property owners ensure that rehabilitation and new construction respect the character of designated buildings or districts. Design Review – The process of ascertaining whether modifications to historic and other structures, settings, and districts meet standards of appropriateness established by a governing or advisory review board. Dogtrot Plan – A plan in which two pens with their own chimneys are placed side by side. Dormer – A structure containing a window (or windows) that projects through a pitched roof. Doric Order – A classical order characterized by simple unadorned capitals supporting a frieze of verti- cally grooved tablets or triglyphs set at intervals. Dormer Window – An upright window, set in a sloping roof, with vertical sides and front, usually with a gable, shed, or hip roof. Double-Hung Window – A window with two sashes that open and close by sliding up and down in a cased frame. Double-Pile House – A center-hall plan house that is two rooms deep on each side of the hall. Double-Shoulder Chimney – An exterior chimney the sides of which angle inward to form shoulders twice as it ascends from the base to the cap. Downspout – A vertical pipe, often of sheet metal, used to conduct water from a roof drain or gutter to the ground or cistern. Dressed – Descriptive of stone, brick, or lumber that has been prepared, shaped, or finished by cutting, planing, rubbing, or sanding one or more of its faces. Eave – The part of a sloping roof that projects beyond the wall. Eclectic or Eclecticism – A method of design in architecture in which elements from a variety of stylistic sources are selected and combined in new and original ways. Elevation – A drawing showing the vertical elements of a building, either exterior or interior, as a direct projection to a vertical plane. Ell – A secondary wing or extension of a building, often a rear addition, positioned at right angles to the principal mass. Eminent Domain – The power of a government to acquire private property for public benefit after payment of just compensation to the owner. Enabling Legislation – Federal or state laws that authorize governing bodies within their jurisdictions to enact particular measures or delegate powers such as enactment of local landmarks and historic district ordinances, zoning, and taxation. Engaged Porch – A porch the roof of which is continuous structurally with that of the main section of the building. English Bond – A method of laying brick wherein one course is laid with stretchers and the next with headers, thus bonding the double thickness of brick together and forming a high-strength bond of alternating courses of stretchers and headers. Entablature – The horizontal part of a Classical order of architecture, usually positioned above columns
Made with FlippingBook - professional solution for displaying marketing and sales documents online