In the Aalborg Energy Vision, the total excess heat from industry increases from 340 GWh to 640 GWh, supplying almost half the heating demand in Aalborg Municipality. Furthermore, the electrolyzers and electrofuels production also produce excess heat, bringing the total up to 850 GWh. To utilize surplus heat in this scale, season storage is implemented, for accumulating surplus heat in the summer period to be used during the winter period with larger heat demands. By combining surplus heat from the industry, using heat pumps and storages, it is possible to supply 1100 GWh heat, which is 70% of the demand. The rest is covered by CHP (combined heat and power) running on green gas. The green gas is either biogas or synthetic methane produced from a carbon source and hydrogen. Comparison of the fuel consumption and total annual costs in ‘the business as usual scenario’ versus ‘the 2050 smart energy vision’ for Aalborg Municpality.
For fuel production, electrolyzers produce hydrogen which can be stored short term in hydrogen storage, but else is converted into fuel or gas to be used in industry, peak load power plants, or the transport sector. Finally, the wind is also integrated into the transportation sector through electric vehicles. These are smart charged so it better fits with low demand hours from other electricity demands and hours with large wind and solar energy production.
Low-temperature district heating and excess heat utilization
A low-temperature fourth generation district heating grid is implemented in the Aalborg Energy Vision, reducing supply and return temperatures. This way it is possible to increase efficiency on the district heating heat pumps and utilize more waste heat. In Aalborg, a large cement industry, Aalborg Portland, already delivers a substantial amount of excess heat to the district heating grid.
Fuel comsumption [TWh]
Total annual costs [M €]
10
680
9
675
8
7
670
6
5
665
4
Coal
Solar PV
660
3
Oil
Onshore wind
2
655
Biomass
Offshore wind
1
Gas
Total annual costs
0
650
2050 BAU
2050 VISION
SCENARIO
For further information please contact: Henrik Lund, lund@plan.aau.dk
J. Z. Thellufsen, H. Lund, P. Sorknæs, P. A. Østergaard, M. Chang, D. Drysdale, S. Nielsen, S. R. Djørup, K. Sperling, Smart energy cities in a 100% renewable energy context, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 129, May 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.109922 S. Djørup, K. Sperling, S. Nielsen, P. A. Østergaard, J. Z. Thellufsen, P. Sorknæs, H. Lund, D. Drysdale: District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change, Energies, Vol 13, Issue 5, March 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051172 S. Nielsen, J. Z. Thellufsen, P. Sorknæs, S. R. Djørup, K. Sperling, P. A. Østergaard, H. Lund: Smart Energy Aalborg: Matching End-Use Heat Saving Measures and Heat Supply Costs to Achieve Least Cost Heat Supply, International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, January 2020. https://doi.org/10.5278/ijsepm.3398
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