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Critically Endangered Seychelles black mud terrapin [Pelusios subniger parietalis]. Marine Conservation Society Seychelles. © Inga Petelski
at meetings like these. The paradigm has shifted and world leaders now recognise that we cannot address climate change without reversing nature loss. Our pre-eminent challenge now – everyone’s challenge, really – is rapidly turning commitments and dialogue at meetings like COP into action. We look forward to being involved in that effort again this year, working with countries and others to integrate nature-based solutions into climate action plans. At past conferences, our experts have been intimately involved in negotiations around international carbon trading, natural capital accounting and deforestation- free financing commitments from banks and other lenders. While everyone works to accelerate decarbonisation, Conservation International is also focused on the urgent need for climate adaptation. First, we have made a lot of progress on nature and we cannot lose that momentum at the UAE COP. We need to firmly support and fund nature conservation and restoration as a climate mitigation and adaptation strategy that is particularly suited to the Global South and rural job creation. Second, we need to compensate the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries for catastrophic events, lost industries and displaced communities. The UN estimates that we’ll need $300 billion per year in international finance flows by 2030; that should come from wealthier countries through the new loss and damage finance facility, as well as major development banks like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. My hope is that COP28 will build on the historic progress made at COP27, and that the creation of a loss and damage fund is the first stop on the long road to climate justice. And finally, we of course need to speak with one voice and insist that the Global North, as well as rapidly developing economies, continue to dramatically reduce emissions. We cannot plant or restore our way out of this challenge – we need both – to reduce fossil fuel emissions AND restore and protect the planet. How has Conservation International impacted the lives of people and communities around the world and how do you measure your effectiveness?
Sunrise from a canopy tower overlooking the Amazon Forest. © Luana Luna.
Evaluating our effectiveness is a real challenge because it can’t always be assessed empirically. Some elements are easier to capture than others. We can see how wildlife populations recover over time. We can measure the rate at which forests regenerate. We can estimate carbon sequestration rates, and we can chart income levels over time. But people are complex. Spreadsheets can’t always tell you about how a project strengthens the bonds that hold together a community, supports gender equality or reduces the likelihood of conflict. It’s also difficult to measure the prevention of something, like a viral pandemic that never spilled over to humans. In any case, we adhere to a set of rigorous standards meant to promote those desired outcomes. Is the project designed to be durable over time? Is it beneficial for both climate and biodiversity? Is it improving quality of life for local communities? Is it reinforcing human rights? Is it being shaped by local leaders and giving every group a seat at the table? What is the secret to your success that you work on the ground in more than 100 countries today and have helped to protect over 6 million square kilometres of land and sea for nature and people? We listen. We are hyper-local. We seek wisdom and partnership. And we are constantly asking how does our work scale and self-sustain long after we are gone. If it cannot scale, it won’t be enough. If our work cannot be self-sustaining by creating jobs and value for local people and governments, then it won’t last after we are gone. What are your future plans for Conservation International? We have made some remarkable progress, and the next decade
M Sanjayan feeding a deer at the Sarara Conservancy in Kenya. © Conservation International
An image of the Executive trip with Apple visiting Chyulu landscapes with Big Life Foundation, and Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust. © Conservation International / photo by Emmanuel Yegon
Tree in Ecuador. © Elfstrom
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