Directional Drilling: Down-Hole Motors and Steering
Directional drilling is the ability to control the direction and deviation of a wellbore to an underground target or location. Producers were using early directional techniques more than 100 years ago. But the more innovative technology we use today was just developed in the early 2000s.
Down-hole motors are used mainly as deflection tools in directional drilling that are placed on the leading end of the drill pipe.
The drill string is a column of 30-foot joints of pipe screwed together at the surface. The drilling fluid (mud), used to lubricate and keep the wellbore slick, activates the hydraulic motor. The mud flow turns the down-hole motor, which turns the drill bit. Behind the motor is a tool that tells the directional drill where the drill bit is headed. The driller steers the drilling direction based on the information sent by the tool.
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