العدد 11 – أغسطس/آب 2021

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(23) Jonathan B. Tucker, “The Biological Weapons Threat,” Current History, Vol. 96, no. 609 (April 1997): 167. (24) Malcolm Dando, The New Biological Weapons: Threat, Proliferation, and Control (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2001). (25) Human Security Now, 97-98. (26) Muhanad Seloom, “National Security during the Covid-19 Pandemic,” Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies, (2020): 3-5. (27) Brian Balmer, “Biological Warfare: The Threat in Historical Perspective,” Medicine, Conflict, and Survival, Vol. 18, no. 2 (2002): 120-137; Roger Roffey, Andres Tegnell & Fredrik Elgh, “Biological Warfare in a Historical Perspective,” Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Vol. 8, no. 8 (2002): 450- 454. (28) Clara E. Councell, “War and Infectious Disease,” Public Health Reports, Vol. 56, no. 12 (1941): 547-573; Mark Osborne Humphries, “Paths of Infection: The First World War and the Origins of the 1948 Influenza Pandemic,” War in History, Vol. 21, no. 1 (2013): 55-81. مارس/ 17 ، " جيوش وجراثيم: الأوبئة وأثرها في الفاعلية العسكرية " ) ســيد أحمد قوجيلي، 29 ( نوفمبر/تشرين الثاني 25 ، المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات، (تاريخ الدخول: 2021 آذار . https :// bit . ly / 34rtNJq ،) 2021 (30) Angela Ndinga-Muvumba & Robyn Pharaoh, “HIV/AIDS and Human Security in South Africa,” Centre for Conflict Resolution, (2006): 14. (31) Itai Brun & Yael Gat, “The Corona Crisis and Israel’s National Security,” Institute for National Security Studies Insight, no. 1274 (2020): 2. (32) Pol Antràs, “De-Globalisation? Global Value Chains in the Post- COVID-19 Age,” Harvard University, (November 11, 2020): 1, “accessed May 23, 2021”. https://bit.ly/3fesQe1. (33) “Trade in goods,” OECD, “accessed May 23, 2021”. https://bit. ly/2RE9Ts5. (34) “FDI flows,” OECD, “accessed May 23, 2021”. https://bit.ly/3fGDzgg.

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