111. Author: Fairouz Lamtai Title: The Role of Arab Satellite Channels in Developing Political Awareness of Arab Revolutions: Al Jazeera as an Example Publisher: Usama Publishing and Distribution House, Jordan Year: 2020 Language: Arabic
Description: in recent years, t he Arab world experienced events that changed its reality and brought down regimes that ruled for decades. Arab satellite channels, such as Al Jazeera, played a major role in these events. Through its news coverage and political talk shows, the channel helped raise the level of political awareness of Arab citizens and empower them to change their reality. The Arab Spring would not have been possible without the role of the media, which paved the way for change years ago, creating a political culture and political awareness critical to the existing reality. Al Jazeera in particular, played a leading role in the Arab uprisings through its extensive coverage in which it managed to engage and mobilize large sections of Arab publics. 112. Author: Kemal Yildirim
Title: Qatar - Public Diplomacy and the Media Publisher: Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany Year: 2020 Language: English, German, Italian, French, Portuguese, Dutch
Description: In 2003, Qatar adopted a constitution that provided for the direct election of 30 of the 45 members of the Legislative Council. The constitution was overwhelmingly approved in a referendum, with almost 98% in favor. The Emir has exclusive powers to appoint and remove the prime minister and cabinet ministers who, together, constitute the Council of Ministers, which is the supreme executive authority in the country. The Qatari diplomacy has been very active and managed to mediate in various crises in the region over the last few decades. A number of tools, including the media, is employed strategically to supports Qatar’s diplomacy. Since its launch in 1996, Al Jazeera established itself as a regional and global media player influencing both media and the politics.
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