ENVIRONMENTAL
INTRODUCTION
CORPORATE CITIZENSHIP
GOVERNANCE AND TRANSPARENT REPORTING
APPENDICES
GHG Emissions
Targets and Performance Sustainability Guidelines and Policies
Energy
Data-Driven Performance Innovation ESRT Version 2.0
Roadmap to Building Efficiency
Water
Waste Healthy Buildings Biodiversity Tenant Engagement
GHG Emissions Performance
Performance Data ESRT is on target to reach its 80% emissions reduction goal, which we define as Net Zero for the Empire State Building by 2030 and by 2035 for the portfolio, provided grid reductions occur in this time frame and as justified by economic results. ESRT includes all owned assets’ Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 downstream leased assets in our goals, projects, data, and disclosure. GHG emissions were calculated in accordance with the WRI GHG Protocol, and verification of the data contained herein was conducted in accordance with ISO 14064 Part 3.
57% CO 2 e reduction at Empire State Building since 2007 baseline year. 10
The increase in 2025 emissions is due to a 19.3% increase in eGRID factors from 2021 to 2023, which are now reflected in our 2025 emissions. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has not released eGRID 2024 data as of April 22, 2026. In addition to the increased emissions eGRID factors, results were impacted by an 8% increase in occupancy, 7% spike in Cooling Degree Days (CDDs), and 18% spike in Heating Degree Days (HDDs) — all conditions that commonly drive emissions upwards.
48%
CO 2 e reduction across office portfolio since 2007 baseline year. 10
1.1% decrease in emissions
2025 GHG Emissions (MTCO 2 e) 10
Like-for-Like GHG Emissions (MTCO 2 e) NYC Office 10
2,788 Scope 1
24,406
compared to 2024 when normalized 11 2% increase in emissions compared to 2024 when absolute
22,222
Oce: 2,788 Multifamily: 0 Retail: 0
20,190 20,094
18,447 19,518
15,731 15,580
25,649 Scope 3 Category 13 Oce: 19,158 Multifamily: 4,416 Retail: 2,075
51,641 MTCOe
21,027 Scope 2
2,996 2,126
2,298 2,514
Oce: 21,023 Multifamily: 0 Retail: 0
2025 2022 2023 2024
2025 2022 2023 2024
2025 2022 2023 2024
Scope 1
Scope 2
Scope 3
Occupancy increased by 11% at the Empire State Building and 8% across the office portfolio year on year in 2025 compared to 2024. The NOAA Central Park NYC data center reported Heating Degree Days (HDDs) increased by 18% and Cooling Degree Days (CDDs) increased by 7% from 2024 to 2025. This increase in occupancy, HDDs, and CDDs contributes to increased energy usage and emissions. The consumption data above represents the utility usage of ESRT’s total portfolio — office, retail and multifamily — that was owned for the full 2025 calendar year and Metro Center, a CT office building disposed on December 22, 2025. Empire State Building data does not include broadcast consumption. Data is absolute and is not normalized for weather, occupancy, tenant typology, or other variables that impact utility usage apart from efficiency initiatives. GHG emissions factors used for these location-based Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions are based on EPA 2023 based on EPA eGRID data available as of June 12, 2025. eGRID 2024 data has yet to be released by the U.S. EPA as of April 22, 2026. Like-for-like metrics represent ESRT’s NYC office properties owned for the full calendar years of 2022 to 2025. Scope 3 downstream leased assets are defined as emissions from the operation of assets that are leased by ESRT’s tenants and not already included in Scope 1 and 2 inventories. Data is normalized for weather, occupancy, tenant typology and other variables that impact utility usage.
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30 EMPIRE STATE REALTY TRUST 2025 CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORT
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