Maize Portfolio 2017
Fisherton de la Mere Warminster 01243 755 665 fisherton@bartholomews.co.uk
Portfield Chichester 01243 784 171 agri@bartholomews.co.uk
Golden Cross Nr. Hailsham 01825 872 697 goldencross@bartholomews.co.uk
Selecting the right varieties for you... Site selection: What can you grow?
Which variety suits your site?
Drilling Tips & Considerations
In addition to variety selection, being successful in growing maize is also dependent on following good agronomy and management practices. Optimal soil conditions at drilling are required to ensure good germination and plant establishment. Modern maize hybrids have a high degree of cold tolerance but should not be drilled before soils have reached an even temperature for 3-4 days (8°C for light soils, 10°C for heavy soils). Altitude Avoid high altitude sites which are often colder. As a rule, growers should consider 600 feet above sea level to be very marginal. However, individual fields above 600 feet with lighter, drier soil types that will warm up quickly in spring can be considered. Aspect Ideally any fields selected for maize production should face south, and be sheltered from wind. Avoid fields which are very exposed, or have heavy, poorly drained soils, and any locations which are known to suffer from frost. An established crop at 2-6 leaf stage can be set back 2-3 weeks by a late May frost. Avoid steep sloping fields to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching and soil erosion. Soil Depth To support its bulk and height, a maize plant requires a very extensive root system. Ideally, crops should be grown where there is a good depth of topsoil, where the soil is shallower then root development may be impaired and crops are stunted, with resultant lower yields. Crop maturity can also be delayed. The same effects can occur where soil is compacted. Seed should be sown on to a firm base at 4-6cm depth; shallower depths are preferred unless the soil is dry. Soil Analysis As maize is a valuable crop with a high demand for nutrients it is important to know the soil pH and available nutrient levels in order to apply the necessary lime and fertiliser to ensure good crops. Maize needs a pH of 5.8-7.0, but the optimal pH is 6.8. The field should be limed if the pH is 6.0 or lower.
Weed Control Maize can suffer considerably from weed competition during the early growth stages. Ideally, a clean, weed-free site should be chosen. A weed control programme applying either pre-emergence and/or post emergence herbicides can be followed. Environmental Considerations Harvesting maize in wet conditions can lead to surface compaction. Maize stubble left uncultivated over the winter months can result in surface water runoff and nitrate leaching into waterways. There is also a particularly high risk of soil erosion where fields are sloping and have sandy soil. If your fields are of a higher risk then consider growing an early maturing variety aiming for an early harvest in better weather, a light cultivation after harvest will encourage rainfall ingression and reduce run off or establishing a cover crop to stabilise the soil surface may be a good option.
MOVANNA (MC 6) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Strong early vigour • High yielding • Significant dry matter (29.9%) and starch yields • Good eyespot resistance • Performs well on heavy land • Seed priced at an economic level Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
RIANNI (MC 7) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Early vigour • Exclusive variety to Bartholomews • High starch content • Suits a lower inclusion maize diet • Seed economically priced Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
EMBLEM (MC 7) (Early) Characteristics / Quality
• Superb early vigour (7.4) • Excellent standing power
• Above average starch (32.2%) • High ME content (11.27 MJ/KG) • Early cob maturity ensures a high starch content delivering energy dense feed • Ideally suited for 50-70% inclusion in ration • Rewarded with increased quality when grown in favourable conditions Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
P7892 (MC 7) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Early maturing • Large stature hybrid • Very good early vigour • Very fast stover dry down
• Suitable for growing on a wide range of sites in the UK • Suitable for growing under film in the least favourable locations Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
CATHY (MC 7) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Large well filled determinate cobs with large number of grain sites for maximum starch production • Good maturity for favourable sites • Early grain maturity with extended harvesting window from green plants • Very good Spring vigour • Good levels of ME and starch • Excellent Cell Wall Digestibility (57.4%) • Pack Size: 45,000 Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
WIZARD (MC 8) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • ‘Yukon maturity with Ambitions starch and excellent digestibility, it’s the one the cows want’ • Excellent cell wall digestibility (CWD) (58.4%) • Early to harvest therefore suitable for growing on many sites • High dry matter and ME yields • Predicted First Choice variety on the BSPB/NIAB 2019 list • Ideally suited for 30-60% inclusion in ration Recommended Use • Forage
P7326 (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality
• Very good early vigour and good standing power • Fastest Pioneer hybrid to reach 30% dry matter • High starch content silage with good wholeplant digestibility • Can be grown on favourable and less favourable sites • For production of dry grain or grain for crimping on all but marginal sites Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping • Biogas
SEVERUS (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Very high starch (34.2%) and ME content (11.35 MJ/KG) • Outstanding early vigour on all soil types (7.5) • Above average DM yield • One of the UK’s most widely grown hybrids • Very strong tolerant plant • One of the lowest cost per tonne varieties for almost any mainstream site Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping
AURELIUS (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Rapid early vigour (7.6) • Excellent starch (30.6%) and ME content (11.2 MJ/Kg) • Ideal balance of forage yield and energy content for 60-70% + maize inclusion • Full cob sheath coverage • Unsurpassed DM yield in its segment (105% DM Yield 2017 Descriptive List – Favourable sites) Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping
KOUGAR (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Balanced starch (32.9%) and ME content (11.31 MJ/KG) • Good early vigour (7.2)
• 105-109 % DM yield across all NIAB trials • Suited to higher maize inclusions in rations Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping
REMINGTON (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • High yielding early maturing variety • Strong plant with high leaf bulk and good cobs combine to fill the clamp with quality forage • Good vigour • Good disease resistance • Early starch lay down ensures early harvest • Balanced starch (32.6%) and ME content (11.2 MJ/KG) • Stay green characteristics for digestibility • Pack Size: 45,000 Recommended Use • Forage
YUKON (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Good early vigour (6.9)
• Superb early cob maturity • Very high starch content • High dry matter (16.4 t/ha) • Early to harvest • Ideal for 10-30% inclusion in ration
• Proven performance under plastic for marginal locations • Good standing ability with excellent potential for grain or crimped maize production Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping • Under Plastic
REGAIN (MC 9) (Early) Characteristics / Quality • Very consistent performance over a wide range of sites and growing conditions • Good DM yield (16.6 t/ha) • Very good early vigour (7.2) • A very early variety for either favourable or less favourable sites
• Early consistent cob ripening • Starch yield of up to 5.38 t/ha Recommended Use
• Forage • Biogas
SERGIO (MC 11) (Very Early) Characteristics / Quality • Above average yields for its maturity, similar to Kaspian but with 8% more DM yield • Exceptional early vigour (7.4) for early or late drilling • Above average starch (34.4%) and ME (11.33 MJ/KG) content • Stay green characteristics for low effluent risk • Ideal shorter season hybrid for use as forage or crimping • Excellent early clean cobs and a reliable clamp filler Recommended Use • Forage • Grain/Crimping
KROFT (MC 11) (Very Early) Characteristics / Quality • Stable DM yield across NIAB trials • Good early vigour for heavier soils or later drilling • Excellent silage quality; Starch (36.1%), ME content (11.5 MJ/ KG) • Ideal for cool sites or low heat unit areas • Excellent energy density ideal for 50% inclusion in TMR and beef finishing • Very economically priced for an early variety Recommended Use • Forage
KASPIAN (MC 13) (Very Early) Characteristics / Quality • Good early vigour on tough sites (6.7) • Very high starch (35.6%) and ME content (11.32 MJ/KG) • Extremely early maturity in all sites • Ideal shorter season hybrid especially for planting after an early cut of silage • Dry matter yield 14.7 t/ha • Prefers loamy and heavier soils rather than sandy or very light soils Recommended Use • Forage
Soil Nutrient Requirements To produce a good crop, maize plants need to grow very rapidly once they have germinated. They will do this providing the soil moisture and structure are good, the temperature is warm and nutrition is adequate. Maize can easily produce 50 t/ha in a period of four months. To support this rapid growth it has a large demand for nutrients and any shortage will restrict early growth and final yield.
Although established crops have a well developed root system, root growth is slow in the early days of the crop, especially if the weather is cold. Poor root growth means decreased uptake of nutrients and this can be a vicious circle as poor uptake of N and P can restrict root growth. For this reason, it is advised that a starter fertiliser is placed close to the seed, even when the bulk of the soil is adequately supplied with nutrients. If you are looking at fields that traditionally suffer from run-off or are prone to erosion, then consider a slightly earlier maize variety (modern genetics often mean that you won’t lose yield and often gain some quality) and look to place a cover crop in to help scavenge nutrients and stabilise surface soils. This in turn can be used as a green manure, used for grazing or potentially harvested before the following crop. Maize is a very convenient crop on which to apply manure in the spring when there are limited opportunities for spreading on grassland. Be careful that applications do not exceed 250 kg/ha of total nitrogen to conform to the Code of Good Agricultural Practice and NVZ requirements.
Fertiliser Requirement for Forage Maize
Low Yield 9t DM/ha
High Yield 15t DM/ha
30t/ha (12t/ac)
50t/ha (20t/ac)
Field Yield Nitrogen Phosphorus
100kg/ha 45kg/ha 125kg/ha
150kg/ha 65kg/ha 220kg/ha
Potash
As maize is a valuable crop with a high demand for nutrients it is important to know the soil pH and available nutrient levels in order to apply the necessary lime and fertiliser to ensure good crops. When the maize field has been chosen a soil sample should be taken for analysis unless the field has been tested within the last 3-5 years. Bartholomews provide a complete soil analysis package which allows a tailored approach to nutrient management.
CROP NUTRITION It is essential to take crop nutrition seriously when it comes to forage maize in order to optimise the yield. To do this, it is important to know your soils. • Based on soil analysis (which Bartholomews can provide), we are able to offer nutrient advice and produce a nutrient plan for you. • Bartholomews are able to supply a full range of fertiliser products, from straights to blends, mixed to your requirements. Bartholomews have formulated products specifically for maize and offer a comprehensive range for 2017. • Starter fertiliser – to be applied where possible down the spout and placed near the seed in order to get the maize off to the best start. o Bartholomews Maize START-UP ( 14 N 35 P + 5 MgO + 10 SO 3 ) o DAP ( 18 N 46 P) o TSP ( 46 P) • Main fertiliser – to be applied in the seedbed and worked in just prior to drilling. Alternatively it can be applied after drilling depending on practicalities and preference. o Bartholomews Maize FIX-ONE ( 10 N 3 P 28 K + 5 MgO + 8 SO 3 ) o Bartholomews Maize FIX-TWO ( 14 N 0 P 24 K + 3 MgO + 11 SO 3 ) o Bartholomews Maize FIX-THREE ( 5 N 12 P 34 K + 4 MgO + 8 SO 3 ) • Final fertiliser – to be applied, if needed, as a top dressing after weed control (no later than 3 leaf stage) o Nitram ( 34.5 N) o CAN ( 27 N 4 MgO) Please remember to observe all the relevant Cross Compliance guidelines that are now applicable. There are a number of different things to consider when planning nutrient applications to maize. On the next page there is a step by step guide which can be followed to achieve an accurate understanding of what your crop needs and how to achieve its requirements.
Remember: This is only a guide and requirements and nutrient values may differ depending on specific situations. *NPK requirements derived from RB209. MgO & SO 3 requirements adapted from industry recommendations in RB209 (Fertiliser Manual) & PDA booklet (Potash Development Association). Step 1 - Decide on your YIELD POTENTIAL EXAMPLE: (SNS 1) Working on an average of 40 t / ha my maize crop requires... N P K MgO SO 3 125 55 175 30 60 Step 2 - Choose your STARTER FERTILISER EXAMPLE: Maize START-UP (14N 35P + 5MgO + 10SO 3 ) down the spout @ 125 kg / ha will apply... N P K MgO SO 3 17.5 44 0 6.2 12.5 Step 3 - Choose your MAIN FERTILISER... ...depending on ORGANIC MANURE USAGE EXAMPLE: Planning on applying 25 m 3 /ha OF CATTLE SLURRY in late spring and incorporating within 24 hours giving... N P K MgO SO 3 26 30 80 15 17.5 so... I will apply Maize FIX-TWO @ 396 kg / ha N P K MgO SO 3 55 0 95 11.9 43.5 The final requirements look like this... N P K MgO SO 3 26.5 0 0 0 0 Step 4 - Choose your FINAL FERTILISER EXAMPLE: Looking at the final requirements, a top dressing of Nitrogen should be applied no later than the 3 leaf stage after weed control. CAN 27n 4MgO ap- plied @ 98 kg / ha will supply what is needed. Actual nutrients applied:- N P K MgO SO 3 125 74 175 33 74 Following this process carefully will ensure you get the most out of your maize crop and adhere to the legislation regarding organic manures and nitrogen.
The varieties offered in this leaflet have been carefully selected to produce successful cropping over a wide range of soil types and growing situations. They represent a balanced mix of the very latest genetics along with some well established standards. If there is a particular variety that you would like to grow that is not listed, please do not hesitate to contact us and we would be pleased to discuss this with you.
Seed Department Tel: 01243 755620 Email: seed@bartholomews.co.uk
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Fisherton de la Mere Warminster 01243 755 665 fisherton@bartholomews.co.uk
Portfield Chichester 01243 784 171 agri@bartholomews.co.uk
Golden Cross Nr. Hailsham 01825 872 697 goldencross@bartholomews.co.uk
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