MATRJOŠKA, MALA LUTKA KOJA DONOSI VELIKU SREĆU MATRYOSHKA, SMALL DOLL THAT BRINGS GREAT HAPPINESS
Tekst / Words: Marina Evgrafova Mihajlović
The most famous
Najpoznatiji centar za izradu matrjoški je grad Semjonovo. Tamošnji umetnici napravili su i najveću lutku na svetu. Imala je 72 dela i bila visoka čitav metar
centre for the production of
Matryoshka dolls is the city of Semenov. There local artists also made the biggest doll in the world. It has 72 parts and is a metre tall
RUSIJA U FOKUSU RUSSIA IN FOCUS
M atrjoške su jedan od najpopularnijih su- venira Rusije. Reč je o drvenoj lutki koja se rasklapa i koja u svojoj utrobi krije ma- nje kopije. U Srbiji ih nazivaju babuškama, verovatno zbog marame koja podseća na baku. Ali pravi naziv je matrjoška i pred- stavlja majku. Prva matrjoška nastala je 1898. godine. Napravi- li su je drvodelja Vasilij Zvjoždockin i umetnik Sergej Maljutin. Bila je sastavljena od osam delova. Svet ju je prvi put video 1900. na izložbi u Parizu, na kojoj je osvojila bronzanu medalju. Zanimljivo je da se u najmanjoj lutki krije poruka, a do nje se dolazi tek kad je „slomite“. Matrjoška sim- bolizuje porodicu. Veruje se da ove male, drvene lutke donose sreću i blagostanje. Uvek se izrađuju u cilindričnoj formi, bez ruku i uvek su oslikane. Najpre se pravi najmanja lutka, a na osnovu nje i ostale. Za njihovu izradu koriste se lipa, breza ili jasen. Matrjoška uvek ima lik mlade, nasme- jane devojke, a odeća joj je po pravilu veselih boja. Mada, u zavisnosti od umetnikove mašte, može da ima lik nekog junaka iz bajke ili političara, što je da- nas popularno. Postoji više gradova i sela u Rusiji koji su poznati po izradi matrjoški. Najpoznatiji centar je grad Semjo- novo. Tamošnji umetnici oslanjaju se na tradiciju sta- re Rusije. Zbog toga na njihovim drvenim lutkama do- miniraju tradicionalne boje i raskošno cveće. U tom gradu je napravljena i najveća matrjoška. Imala je čak 72 dela i bila je visoka čitav metar.
Matryoshka are among Russia’s most popular sou- venirs. These are wooden dolls that can be opened and which contain hidden smaller copies of themselves. In Serbia and elsewhere they are called babushka dolls, probably due to their scarves that are reminiscent of grandmothers. But their proper name is Matryoshka and they represent the mother figure. The first Matryoshka set was created in 1898. It was made by wood carver Vasily Zvjozdochkin and artist Sergey Malyutin. It was composed of eight parts. It was revealed to the world in 1900 at an exhibition in Paris, where it won the bronze medal. It is interesting that a message is hidden in the small- est doll and can only be reached when you “break” it. Ma- tryoshka dolls symbolise family. It is believed that these small wooden dolls bring luck and prosperity. It always made in a cylindrical shape without arms and is always painted. The smallest doll is made first and forms the basis for the others. They are produced using linden, birch or ash wood. Matryoshka always have the character of a young, smiling girl, while her clothing is usually colourful. Although, depending on the artist’s im- agination, they may depict the character of a hero from a fairy tale or a politician, which is popular today. There are numerous towns and villages in Russia that are known for making Matryoshka dolls. The most famous centre is the city of Semyonov. There local artists rely on the tradition of old Russia. As such, their wooden dolls are dominated by traditional colours and luxurious flowers. The biggest ever Matryoshka was also made in this city. She had as many as 72 parts and was a metre tall.
Zanimljivo je da se u najmanjoj lutki krije se dolazi tek kad je „slomite“ It is interesting that a poruka, a do nje message is hidden in the smallest doll and can only be reached when you “break” it
| 65
Made with FlippingBook interactive PDF creator