Wasting Fresh Water: Stopping Systemic Failures

Comparison; Tokyo and Seoul Feature Tokyo, Japan

Seoul, South Korea

Comments

Initial leakage rate Final leakage rate

15.4%

260m m 3 pa 33m m 3 pa

27.3%

502m m 3 pa 29m m 3 pa

2.1%

2.5%

Initial repairs per annum Final repairs per annum Stainless grade selected

70k 10k

45k 125 – 190 repairs per day

10k

25 repairs per day

316 (17Cr, 11Ni, 2Mo)

304 (18Cr, 9Ni) Soil chemistry difference

Financial savings

4,0bn USD over 34 years 4,7bn USD over 27 years Based on 1 USD per m 3

Water production per capita CO 2 Emissions Reduction

205 m 3 to 117 m 3

168 m 3 to 113 m 3

Annual rate

54k tons pa

110k tons pa Electricity reduction

Pipework

All stainless corrugated All stainless corrugated

Remaining fittings Residues in pipework

All stainless None evident

All stainless Vital to avoid leakages

None evident

Unlike plastic pipework

Timescale to 90% stainless

20 years

21 years

Additional Benefits

Proven resistance to seismic shocks (9 RS)

40% reduction in water treatment plants

29 Data Source; ISSF 2015

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