97
Chalking – The formation of a powder-like surface condition resulting from the disintegration of a bind- er or an elastomer in a paint coating; caused by weathering or an otherwise destructive environment. Chamfer [cham'fer or sham'fer] – A beveled edge or corner, usually on a porch post. Chamfered Post – A square post with the edges of its corners cut away or beveled. Checking – Small cracks in a film of paint or varnish that do not completely penetrate to the previous coat; the cracks are in a pattern roughly similar to a checkerboard. Clapboard – Horizontal wooden boards, tapered at the upper end and laid so as to cover a portion of a similar board below and to be covered by a similar one above. The exposed face of clapboard is usually less that 6 inches wide. This was a common exterior treatment in the nineteenth and early twentieth century buildings. Classical – Embodying or based on the principles and forms of Greek and Roman architecture. Clerestory – Windows located relatively high in a wall that often tend to form a continuous band. This was a feature of many Gothic cathedrals and was later adapted to many of the Revival styles found here. Clipped Gable – A gable the peak of which is truncated for decorative effect; often the roof overhangs the missing peak. Colonial Revival Style – Late 19th and early 20th century architectural style that combines features of Classical and Colonial architecture. Column – A vertical shaft or pillar that supports or appears to support a load. Colonnette – A small-scale column, generally employed as a decorative element on mantels, overm- antels, and porticoes. Common Bond – A method of laying brick wherein one course of headers is laid for every three, five, or seven courses of stretchers. Composition Board – A building board, usually intended to resemble clapboard, fabricated from wood or paper fabric under pressure and at an elevated temperature, usually with a binder. Coping – The cap or the top course of a masonry wall. Corbel – A projection (or building out) or projecting block in a masonry wall, sometimes to support a load and sometimes for decorative effect. Corner Block – A square piece, either plain or decorated that forms a corner of a window or door surround. Corner Boards – Vertical boards nailed on the external corners of frame buildings to provide a method of finishing and joining the ends of the weatherboards. Cresting – Ornamental ironwork, often highly decorative, used to embellish the ridge of a gable roof or the curb or upper cornice of a mansard roof. Cornice – The uppermost part of an entablature, usually used to crown the wall of a building, portico, or ornamental doorway. The term is loosely applied to almost any horizontal molding forming a main decorative feature, especially to a molding at the junction of walls and ceiling in a room. Crossette – A lateral projection of the head of the molded architrave or surround of a door, window, mantel, or paneled overmantel; also know as an “ear” or “dog-ear”. Crown Molding – The upper molding of a cornice, often serving to cap or crown the vertical facing or fascia of a boxed cornice. Also, the term is frequently given to the molding used to decorate the joints between walls and a ceiling. Crenulation – Alternating indentations (embrasures) and raised sections (merlons) of a parapet, creat- ing a toothlike profile sometimes known at a battlement. Crenulation is a detail found most com- monly in the Gothic Revival style. Cultural Resource – A building, structure, district, site, object, or document, that is of significance in
Made with FlippingBook - professional solution for displaying marketing and sales documents online