Chelsea Hough Wendy Bernstein 8
Effective Communication Skills for Mentorship in Academic Medicine
Addressing these potential barriers requires a multifaceted approach, including the development and implementation of standardized sign-out protocols, fostering a culture of open communication and collaboration, providing adequate time and resources for sign- outs, and promoting education and training on effective handover practices. The Role of Simulation in Sign-Out Training Simulation-based training has emerged as a valuable tool for improving sign-out skills among healthcare professionals. Simulated scenarios allow clinicians to practice sign-outs in a controlled environment, mimicking real- life situations, including realistic distractions, and potential challenges. In addition, coached or independent review of one’s own sign out behaviors through the use of observation or recording may be used to identify areas of improvement in day to day practice. Through simulation and self reflection, clinicians may enhance their communication, decision making, and teamwork skills, ultimately improving the quality and safety of sign-outs in future clinical settings. Conclusion Effective sign-outs are crucial for safe and efficient transitions of care in the hospital setting. By including relevant patient information, medication details, pending tasks, and follow- up requirements, healthcare professionals can ensure continuity and avoid potential patient harm. Standardized protocols and tools, along with simulation-based training, can further enhance the quality of sign-outs. By following best practices and learning from examples of successful sign-outs, healthcare providers can prioritize patient safety and improve communication during handover processes.
Learning Objectives 1. Understand the core communication skills required for effective mentorship. 2. Describe different methods of communication between mentor and mentee and their potential advantages and disadvantages. 3. Recognize potential challenges in mentoring relationships related to poor communication.
Suggested Reading 1
Gakhar, B., & Spencer, A. L. (2010). Using direct observation, formal evaluation, and an interactive curriculum to improve the sign-out practices of internal medicine interns. Academic Medicine, 85(7), 1182–1188. https://doi.org/10.1097/ acm.0b013e3181da8370 2 Gilmartin, S., Martin, L., Kenny, S., Callanan, I., & Salter, N. (2020). Promoting hot debriefing in an emergency department. BMJ Open Quality, 9(3), e000913. doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-000913 3 Horwitz, L. I., Moin, T., Krumholz, H. M., Wang, L., & Bradley, E. H. (2008). Consequences of inadequate sign-out for patient care. Archives of Internal Medicine, 168(16), 1755. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archinte.168.16.175504 4 Kemp, C. D. (2008). The top 10 list for a safe and effective sign-out. Archives of Surgery, 143(10), 1008. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archsurg.143.10.1008 5 Vidyarthi, A. R., Arora, V., Schnipper, J. L., Wall, S. D., & Wachter, R. M. (2006). Managing discontinuity in academic medical centers: Strategies for a safe and effective resident sign-out. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 1(4), 257–266. https://doi. org/10.1002/jhm.103
Introduction Mentoring plays a pivotal role in the career growth and professional development of individuals seeking guidance and support from experienced mentors. Originating from Greek mythology, the concept of mentorship has evolved to represent a trusted advisor and teacher. In the realm of academic medicine, mentoring relationships have become crucial for knowledge transfer and career advancement. Despite recognizing the importance of mentorship, there is limited discussion in the literature about the essential communication skills necessary for effective mentoring. This chapter aims to explore the core communication skills required to establish successful mentorship relationships, strategies for effective communication, and potential challenges that may arise when communication breaks down. Core Communication Skills to Support Effective Mentoring Mentorship is a reciprocal relationship that thrives on collaboration between the mentee and mentor to explore, set, and achieve short-term and long-term goals, ultimately enhancing the mentee’s skills, knowledge, and abilities. Effective mentorship necessitates ongoing dialogue and
relies on strong communication skills to foster a productive relationship between both parties. In the context of a mentoring relationship, communication should be concise and clear to minimize misinterpretation and uncertainty. One essential communication skill for successful mentorship is the ability to set clear expectations. Ideally, expectations should be established prior to meetings to provide focus and direction for discussions. Clearly defined expectations significantly reduce miscommunication and frustration while enhancing overall satisfaction for both the mentee and mentor. Another critical communication skill in the mentoring experience is the ability to provide consistent and regular constructive feedback. Feedback should be viewed as a two-way process, where both the mentee and mentor actively evaluate their relationship, purpose, and progress towards defined goals. When offering feedback, it is essential to be concise, concrete, and grounded in direct observations. The mentee should receive clear information regarding their personal development. While feedback can encompass both positive and negative aspects, it is often more effective for mentors to begin with positive feedback. This approach engages the mentee and boosts their self-esteem. In situations where negative feedback is necessary, it should be provided privately and not discussed
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COMMUNICATION SKILLS FOR MENTORSHIP 51
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