Syngenta Flowers 2023-2024 Annuals Grower Success Guide
Grower Success Guide
ANNUALS 2023–2024
BRINGING PLANT POTENTIAL TO LIFE
Table of Contents
WHAT’S INSIDE Technical Key.......................................1 Digital Tools Available Online..............2 Technical Support...............................3 Seed Propagation................................7 Seed Finishing...................................20
Vegetative Propagation.....................57 Vegetative Finishing...........................68 Vegetative Spring Annuals URCs....100 How to Read a Syngenta Farm Tag...101 Chrysal Alesco ® ............................... 104
How to use our Minimum Photoperiod Recommendations
(MPR)............................................... 102 2023–2025 Week Calendar.............108
Standardized Pot Guide TECHNICAL KEY
Moisture Level
NEW DESCRIPTION ROUGHLY APPLIES TO
MOISTURE LEVEL DESCRIPTION
1 – DRY
Soil is tan to gray in color, trays are extremely light, and soil pulls away from sides of container.
Pack
804, 606 packs
Large Pack
1801, 306 packs
2 – MEDIUM
Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart.
1.0 pt. pot
4 in. pot
3 – MOIST
Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend.
1.0 qt. pot
4.5 in. pot
4 – WET
Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Soil is dark brown and shiny, free water is present at the surface of the soil, water drips freely from the bottom of the tray, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle.
1.25 qt. pot
6 in. pot
2.5 qt. pot
Trade gallon pot
5 – SATURATED
3.0 qt. pot
8 in. pot
1.5 gal. HB
10 in. hanging basket
Timing
Vigor
1.5 gal. pot
10 in. pot
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
2.0 gal. HB
12 in. hanging basket
C
Compact
E
Early
2.5 gal. pot
12 in. pot
C-M
Compact-Medium
E-M
Early-Mid
3.0 gal. HB
14 in. hanging basket
M
Medium
M
Mid
3.0 gal. pot
14 in. pot
M-V
Medium-Vigorous
M-L
Mid-Late
3.5 gal. pot
15 in. pot
V
Vigorous
L
Late
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Technical Support Digital Tools At Your Fingertips
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Meet Your Tech Team
Brian Krug
Jamie Gibson
Cristina Burgart
Lauren Kilpatrick
Alicain Carlson Mike Fischer
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Samantha Nobes Steffi Hugo
Alex Kirsch
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Sunfinity ® Yellow Dark Center
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Zydeco ™ Mix
Seed Propagation
Obsession ™ Purple Shades with Eye
SEED PROPAGATION
Begonia BADA BING ® / BADA BOOM ® F1 Begonia semperflorens REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Pelleted
7–8 weeks
1–2
No
6–8 days
72–78 °F (22–26 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Avoid overwatering to help prevent excess algae growth and to promote root growth into the media. If germinating on the bench it is helpful to cover trays with Reemay ® or similar to help retain humidity and reduce irrigation frequency. When irrigating use low pressure/volume nozzles/breakers to avoid moving seeds around in the cell. If the daily light integral (DLI) is less than 12 mols/day adding supplemental HID light will promote a more uniform crop. Do not use plug trays that have been used previously and had a crop treated with paclobutrazol grown in them. Most Begonia semperflorens will stop growing if exposed to any level of paclobutrazol. Do not irrigate with recycled water for this reason.
Begonia BOSSA NOVA ™ F1 Begonia boliviensis REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
7–9 weeks
1
No
14 days
73–78 °F (23–25 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.8
SME 0.5–1.0 mS/cm Comments: Irrigate early in the day to avoid leaf scorch when high light levels are present. Allowing the soil surface to dry between irrigations will reduce algae growth. Light is not essential for emergence, but additional light at 14 hours per day will greatly enhance germination and early growth. Maintain high humidity until day 14 when it can be reduced to around 50%. Once out of the chamber, it is helpful to cover trays with Reemay ® or similar to help retain humidity and reduce irrigation frequency. Avoid irrigating with cold water. 65° is ideal.
Begonia LIMITLESS ™ Begonia tuberhybrida REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Tuberous Begonias will form tubers and single flowers under short days so providing night interruption lighting for a total of at least 14 hours is necessary, even in the plug stage. During the early stages of growth, irrigate very gently since Begonia seedlings are very small and heavy watering will disturb the roots. This is a relatively long plug crop so keeping the media too wet can lead to excessive algae growth. Pelleted 7–8 weeks 1 No 7–10 days 73–78 °F (23–26 °C) Required for germination
Begonia EUREKA ™ / TOPSPIN ™ F1 Begonia semperflorens REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
7–8 weeks
1–2
No
6–8 days
72–78 °F (22–26 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Avoid overwatering to help prevent excess algae growth and to promote root growth into the media. If germinating on the bench it is helpful to cover trays with Reemay ® or similar to help retain humidity and reduce irrigation frequency. When irrigating use low pressure/volume nozzles/breakers to avoid moving seeds around in the cell. If the daily light integral (DLI) is less than 12 mols/day adding supplemental HID light will promote a more uniform crop. Do not use plug trays that have been used previously and had a crop treated with paclobutrazol grown in them. Most Begonia semperflorens will stop growing if exposed to any level of paclobutrazol. Do not irrigate with recycled water for this reason.
Begonia Interspecific BIONIC ™ / BOWLER ™ / TOPHAT ™ F1 Begonia × hybrida REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
7–8 weeks
1
No
6–8 days
72–78 °F (22–26 °C)
Beneficial for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Avoid overwatering to help prevent excess algae growth and to promote root growth into the media. If germinating on the bench, it is helpful to cover trays with Reemay ® or similar to help retain humidity and reduce irrigation frequency. When irrigating, use low pressure/volume nozzles/breakers to avoid moving seeds around in the cell. If the daily light integral (DLI) is less than 12 mols/day, adding supplemental HID light will promote a more uniform crop.
Celosia BRIGHT SPARKS ™ OP Celosia plumosa erecta REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
2–4 days
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Bright Sparks celosia will flower early under short days, so to allow bulking of the plug provide a 14-hour day length during propagating.
Cleome SPARKLER ™ 2.0 / SPARKLER ™ F1 Cleome hassleriana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
4–6 days
80–85 °F (26–30 °C) days 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) nights
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: A 15 °F (-9 °C) positive DIF is recommended for best germination results. Cleome is a heavy feeder; start feeding in the plug about 2 weeks after sowing.
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SEED PROPAGATION
Cosmos APOLLO ™ OP Cosmos bipinnatus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
3–4 days
61–65 °F (16–18 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.25–0.5 mS/cm
Comments: Cosmos will flower early under short days, so to allow bulking of the plug provide a 14-hour day length during propagating.
Cuphea SRIRACHA ™ F1 Cuphea llavea REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
3.5–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Only the first application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) is necessary for the plug. After two weeks, you can alternate moisture levels between 2 and 4 to help tone the plugs. Provide supplemental lighting if possible if DLI is less than 8 mols/day.
Dahlia FRESCO ™ / HARLEQUIN ™ OP Dahlia hybrida REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Coated
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
5 days
70 °F (21 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Provide day extension lighting to 12–14 hours/day to help prevent premature flower bud set.
Dianthus DIABUNDA ® F1 Dianthus × barbatus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
5 days
72–74 °F (22–23 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Providing high light and dropping the temperature to an average daily temperature (ADT) of 60 °F (21 °C) will reduce the need for plant growth regulators (PGRs). Day extension lighting to 14 hours will hasten flowering of the finished plant.
Dianthus SUPER PARFAIT ™ / VENTI PARFAIT ™ F1 Dianthus chinensis REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Pelleted
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
5 days
72–74 °F (22–23 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Providing high light and dropping the temperature to an average daily temperature (ADT) of 60 °F (21 °C) will reduce the need for plant growth regulators (PGRs). Day extension lighting to 14 hours will hasten flowering of the finished plant.
Gazania BIG KISS ™ / FROSTY KISS ™ / GAZOO ™ / KISS ™ F1 Gazania rigens REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
4–6 days
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Growing Gazania plugs on the dry side and keeping them moderately cool will help prevent leaf stretch.
Geranium BULLSEYE ™ / MAVERICK ™ / MULTIBLOOM ™ / PINTO ™ PREMIUM / QUANTUM ™ / RINGO 2000 ™ F1 Pelargonium × hortorum REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Coated
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
1–3 days
73 °F (23 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 6.1–6.5
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Geraniums are irradiance plants so the more light they receive the faster they will flower. Under short days or cloudy conditions, it is beneficial to provide supplemental lighting of around 400 foot candles (4,000 lux) especially in the plug tray to speed up flowering. All geraniums are especially sensitive to bacterial diseases so be sure to start with clean plug trays, media and propagation areas. Geranium seeds do not carry bacterial diseases so if you start clean you can stay clean. Do not subirrigate or use recycled water. Media pH should not drop below 6.0 or the plants may suffer from iron and/or manganese toxicity.
Geranium Ivy REACH OUT ™ / TORNADO ™ F1 Pelargonium peltatum REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Coated
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
4 days
73 °F (23 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Geraniums are irradiance plants so the more light they receive the faster they will flower. Under short days or cloudy conditions, it is beneficial to provide supplemental lighting of around 400 foot candles (4,000 lux) especially in the plug tray to speed up flowering. All geraniums are especially sensitive to bacterial diseases so be sure to start with clean plug trays, media and propagation areas. Geranium seeds do not carry bacterial diseases so if you start clean you can stay clean. Do not subirrigate or use recycled water. Media pH should not drop below 6.0 or the plants may suffer from iron and/or manganese toxicity.
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SEED PROPAGATION
Gerbera BENGAL ™ / CARTWHEEL ® / ELEPHANT ™ / JAGUAR ™ F1 Gerbera jamesonii REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
128-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Under low light conditions provide supplemental HID light if possible; do not extend day length as this will extend the time to flower. It is critical to allow adequate dry back between irrigations to prevent stunted and distorted growth. Because of this do not mist at night. If germinating on a bench it is best to use a tent system to increase humidity and reduce the frequency of irrigations/misting. SatinCoat ™ 5–6 weeks 1 No 4 days 74–76 °F (23–24 °C) Required for germination
Hibiscus HONEYMOON ™ F1 Hibiscus moscheutos REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
200-cell tray
Raw
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
75–81 °F (24–27 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: If Altercel ® is applied, seedlings may temporarily yellow. Begin feeding at 75 ppm N at radical emergence.
Impatiens ACCENT ™ / ACCENT ™ PREMIUM / ATHENA ™ / XTREME ™ F1 Impatiens walleriana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.8–6.2 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Use a calcium-based fertilizer and feed once a week at most to avoid soft growth and stretching of plugs. Do not let plants go into the night with wet foliage or tip abortion may occur. Downward cupping or twisting of immature leaves may be caused by overuse of plant growth regulators (PGRs). Subdue Maxx ® and/or Segway ® drenches are recommended plug stage fungicides for disease management.
Impatiens IMARA ® XDR F1 Impatiens walleriana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.8–6.2 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Use a calcium-based fertilizer and feed once a week at most to avoid soft growth and stretching of plugs. Do not let plants go into the night with wet foliage or tip abortion may occur. Downward cupping or twisting of immature leaves may be caused by overuse of plant growth regulators (PGRs). Subdue Maxx ® and/or Segway ® drenches are recommended plug stage fungicides for disease management, and rotations of Mural ® and Micora ® sprays and Segovis ® sprays or drenches are recommended for the finishing stage. For more information on Imara ® XDR visit us at www.syngentaflowers-us.com/Imara.
Impatiens New Guinea FLORIFIC ® F1 Impatiens hawkeri REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–6 weeks
1
Yes
8 days
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Ensure a good scouting program for thrips is in place.
Marigold African ANTIGUA ™ / BIG TOP ™ / INCA II ™ / PERFECTION ™ F1 Tagetes erecta REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Detailed, SatinCoat ™
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 6.1–6.5
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Easy to germinate on the bench. Maintain media pH above 6.2 to avoid iron/manganese toxicity. Short days will shorten time to flower.
Marigold French anemone ALUMIA ™ OP Tagetes patula nana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Coated, Detailed
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size.
Marigold French crested CRESTA ™ Tagetes patula nana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Detailed, SatinCoat ™
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
70–72 °F (21–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: French Marigolds are very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size.
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SEED PROPAGATION
Marigold French dwarf crested HAPPY ™ OP Tagetes patula nana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Detailed, SatinCoat ™
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size. Happy French Marigold is a genetically compact series, so chemical growth regulators are usually not necessary. Control can also be gained by good moisture management and applications of various growth regulators if needed.
Marigold Interspecific ENDURANCE ™ F1 Tagetes triploid REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
SatinCoat ™
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size. Avoid pre-sow or post-sow PGR plug sprenches or drenches to ensure sufficient plug bulking for this near day neutral interspecific marigold.
Marigold Interspecific ZENITH ™ F1 Tagetes triploid REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Detailed
3–4 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size. Avoid pre-sow or post-sow PGR plug sprenches or drenches to ensure sufficient plug bulking for this near day neutral interspecific marigold.
Mimulus MAGIC ™ F1 Mimulus × hybrida REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
5–7 days
65–68 °F (18–20 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Provide day extension lighting to 14 hours under short days using mum type lights (10 foot candles). Using HID lights can promote too early of flowering.
Nicotiana PERFUME ™ / SARATOGA ™ F1 Nicotiana × sandrea REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Cool days with high light will reduce the need to apply plant growth regulators (PGRs).
Osteospermum ASTI ™ F1 Osteospermum ecklonis REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
8–12 days
68–70 °F (21–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: It is very important to spray the plugs with Altercel ® at 300 ppm about 10 days after sowing to help reduce hypocotyl stretch. Shorter hypocotyls will result in a stronger central stem after transplant and will reduce floppiness in the finished plant.
Pansy COLOSSUS ™ / DELTA CLASSIC ™ / DELTA ™ PRO / DELTA ™ SPEEDY / SELECT F1 Viola × wittrockiana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Do not hold Pansy plugs—transplant before plugs get root bound. Raw, PreNova ™ 2.0 5–6 weeks 1 Yes 5 days 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Required for germination
Pansy Spreading FREEFALL ™ / FREEFALL ™ XL F1 Viola × wittrockiana REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures, provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. If frequent irrigation occurs due to high temperatures, apply a supplemental feed of Solubor ® to avoid boron deficiency. Primed 4–5 weeks 1 Yes 5 days 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Required for germination
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SEED PROPAGATION
Penstemon ARABESQUE ® / PARTYBELLS ™ F1 Penstemon hartwegii REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
7 days
68–73 °F (20–23 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Warm day temperatures can promote soft growth and excessive stem elongation.
Pentas BEEBRIGHT ™ / BEEHIVE ™ / HONEYCLUSTER ™ F1 Pentas lanceolata REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
7–8 weeks
1
No
7–10 days
73–76 °F (23–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 6.1–6.5
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Provide supplemental lighting when DLI is less than 12 mols/day. Monitor pH levels and maintain above 6.1, or growth can stall.
Petunia grandiflora DUVET ™ / PRISM ™ F1 Petunia grandiflora REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
72–76 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Spraying an uneven plug tray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm may help even the growth in the tray.
Petunia grandiflora FROST ™ / TRITUNIA ™ F1 Petunia grandiflora REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
72–76 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Spraying an uneven plug tray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm may help even the growth in the tray.
Petunia milliflora PICOBELLA ™ F1 Petunia milliflora REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Pelleted 4–5 weeks 1 No 3–5 days 72–76 °F (22–24 °C) Required for germination
Petunia multiflora DAMASK ™ / HURRAH ™ F1 Petunia multiflora REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
72–76 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Spraying an uneven plug tray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm may help even the growth in the tray.
Petunia spreading FOTOFINISH ® F1 Petunia pendula REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
72–76 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Spraying an uneven plug tray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm may help even the growth in the tray.
Petunia spreading grandiflora SKYBOX ™ F1 Petunia pendula REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Pelleted 4–5 weeks 1 No 3–5 days 72–76 °F (22–24 °C) Required for germination
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED PROPAGATION
Petunia spreading milliflora FLASHFORWARD ™ F1 Petunia pendula REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
3–5 days
72–76 °F (22–24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Covering seed is not necessary, but a light vermiculite coating will help maintain moisture levels in drier climates. Keep pelleted seed at moisture level 5 the first several days to ensure the pellet is completely dissolved. Providing long days in the plug stage will reduce overall time to flower. Low boron levels can induce tip abortion. Spraying an uneven plug tray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm may help even the growth in the tray.
Phlox POPSTARS ™ F1 Phlox drummondii REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
3–5 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Keep EC less than 0.75 mS/cm and avoid the dry-growing method of growth control, as Phlox drummondii are sensitive to high salts.
Primula LIBRE ™ F1 Primula obconica REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
6–7 weeks
1
Yes
7 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Control thrips to avoid Tospovirus.
Primula PRIMERA ™ F1 Primula acaulis REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Primed
6–7 weeks
1
Yes
7 days
64–68 °F (18–20 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Grow plugs on the dry side to avoid excessive algae growth. Ranunculus MACHÉ ™ / MAGIC ™ F1 Ranunculus asiaticus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Pelleted
8–10 weeks
1
Yes
14–21 days
50–55 °F (10–13 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Control thrips to avoid Tospovirus.
Salvia MOJAVE ™ / SENTRY ™ / SIZZLER ™ OP Salvia splendens REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
5–7 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Salvia is sensitive to high salts in the plug tray, so do not let the EC rise above 1.5 mS/cm. After fertilization, rinse the plants off with clear water to avoid burning the young growing tips.
Salvia VICTORIA ™ OP Salvia farinacea REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
6–7 weeks
1
Yes
5–7 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.8
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Salvia is sensitive to high salts in the plug tray, so do not let the EC rise above 1.5 mS/cm. After fertilization, rinse the plugs off with clear water to avoid burning the young growing tips. Salvia farinacea is a long day crop so extending the day length to 16-hours with HID lights at true leaf stage is beneficial.
Schizanthus ATLANTIS ™ F1 Schizanthus × wisetonensis REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–7 weeks
1
Yes
7–14 days
62–65 °F (17–19 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.8–6.2
SME 0.25–0.5 mS/cm
Comments: Keep plugs under short days to avoid premature flowering.
Snapdragon LIBERTY ™ CLASSIC / MADAME BUTTERFLY ™ F1 Antirrhinum majus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
6–7 weeks
1
Yes
5 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: High pH levels (above 6.2) may promote iron deficiency causing chlorotic young leaves. Overly wet conditions or watering late in the day can cause shoot tip abortion. Keeping the media too wet can also lead to root rot diseases such as Pythium.
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED PROPAGATION
Snapdragon SNAPTASTIC ™ / Snapdragon Dwarf SNAPTINI ™ F1 Antirrhinum majus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Pelleted
5–6 weeks
1
Yes
5 days
72–75 °F (22–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: High pH levels (above 6.2) may promote iron deficiency causing chlorotic young leaves. Overly wet conditions or watering late in the day can cause shoot tip abortion. Keeping the media too wet can also lead to root rot diseases such as Pythium.
Sunflower SUNFINITY ® F1 Helianthus hybrida REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
72-cell
Raw
4 weeks
1
Yes
5–6 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.8
SME 1.0–1.5 mS/cm Comments: Apply a Bonzi ® (paclobutrazol) sprench at 2–3 ppm within 48 hours of sowing (3–5 quarts per 100 sq ft.) to control hypocotyl stretch. Plugs must be propagated under long day (+13 hour) photoperiods in order to prevent delays in flowering. During warmer periods of plug production, a B-Nine spray at 1,250–2,500 ppm can be applied 3 weeks after sowing to maintain internode control. This can be done only when the first Bonzi media sprench has not managed growth based on expectations. For more information on Sunfinity ® visit us at www.syngentaflowers-us.com/sunfinity.
Torenia HI-LITE ™ F1 Torenia fournieri REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Pelleted
4–5 weeks
1
No
4–6 days
75 °F (24 °C)
Required for germination
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: High light levels can cause leaf scorch. Very wet conditions will promote damping-off diseases. Verbena OBSESSION ™ / OBSESSION ™ CASCADE / TUSCANY ® OP Verbena hybrida REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw, Primed
6–7 weeks
1
Yes
4–7 days
73–76 °F (23–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Comments: Verbena need to be germinated on the dry side at moisture level 3. It is best to water in plug trays to moisture level 3 prior to sow, sow the seeds and then irrigate lightly only when needed to maintain moisture level 3.
Vinca BLOCKBUSTER ™ / SUNSTORM ® F1 Catharanthus roseus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
5 weeks
1
Yes
7–8 days
75–78 °F (24–25 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm
Comments: Soil temperatures lower than 75 °F (23 °C) during germination may decrease germination rates. Keeping media pH at 5.8 or lower will help reduce the likelihood of Thielaviopsis infections.
Vinca CORA ® CASCADE XDR / CORA ® CLASSIC / CORA ® XDR F1 Catharanthus roseus REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
5 weeks
1
Yes
7–8 days
76–78 °F (24–25 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Soil temperatures lower than 75 °F (23 °C) during germination may decrease germination rates. Keeping media pH at 5.8 or lower will help reduce the likelihood of Thielaviopsis infections. Although Cora ® XDR performs exceptionally well without the use of fungicides for the control of Aerial Phytophthora, we still recommend chemical rotations as part of a disease resistance management plan against a constantly evolving pathogen. Use Subdue Maxx ® or Segway ® drenches in the plug stage for disease management, and use Medallion ® drenches with rotations of Heritage ® , Micora ® and Segovis ® sprays during the finishing stage. The recommended chemistries also provide additional protection against other diseases that vinca are susceptible to, including Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis. For more information on Cora ® XDR visit us at www.syngentaflowers-us. com/cora-xdr.
Viola DELTINI ™ F1 Viola cornuta REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Also, if very frequent irrigation occurs due to high temperatures, apply a supplemental feed of Solubor ® to avoid boron deficiency. Raw, Primed 4–5 weeks 1 Yes 5 days 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Required for germination
Viola ENDURIO ® / TIGER EYE ™ F1 Viola cornuta REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Also, if very frequent irrigation occurs due to high temperatures, apply a supplemental feed of Solubor ® to avoid boron deficiency. Primed 4–5 weeks 1 Yes 5 days 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Required for germination
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED PROPAGATION
Viola PENNY ™ F1 Viola cornuta REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Also, if very frequent irrigation occurs due to high temperatures, apply a supplemental feed of Solubor ® to avoid boron deficiency. Raw, Primed 4–5 weeks 1 Yes 5 days 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Required for germination
Wallflower SUGAR RUSH ™ F1 Cheiranthus cheiri REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Raw
4–5 weeks
1
Yes
9–10 days
68–72 °F (20–22 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: To help prevent stretch and floppiness, sprench with Bonzi ® at 1 ppm during seedling emergence.
Zinnia MAGELLAN ™ / SWIZZLE ™ / UPROAR ™ / ZOWIE! ™ F1 Zinnia elegans REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
Detailed, SatinCoat ™
2–3 weeks
1
Yes
1 day
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Transplant Zinnias on time. Stress in the plug can lead to premature flowering. Postiva ™ is recommended for bacterial foliage control, like bacterial leaf spot (BLS).
Zinnia SHORT STUFF ™ F1 Zinnia elegans REC TRAY FORMS PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
SatinCoat ™
2–3 weeks
1
Yes
1 day
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Transplant Zinnias on time. Stress in the plug can lead to premature flowering. Postiva ™ is recommended for bacterial foliage control, like bacterial leaf spot (BLS).
Zinnia ZYDECO ™ OP Zinnia marylandica REC TRAY FORMS
PLUG TIME
SEEDS/CELL SEED COVER GERM TIME
SOIL TEMP
GERM LIGHT
MEDIA pH/EC
288-cell tray
SatinCoat ™
2–3 weeks
1
Yes
1 day
70–75 °F (21–24 °C)
Not required for germination pH: 5.5–5.9
SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm
Comments: Transplant Zinnias on time. Stress in the plug can lead to premature flowering. Postiva ™ is recommended for bacterial foliage control, like bacterial leaf spot (BLS).
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED PROPAGATION
Notes
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED PROPAGATION
Notes
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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Cora ® Cascade XDR Strawberry
Seed Finishing
Endurance ™ Orange
Notes
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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SEED FINISHING
Begonia BADA BING ® / BADA BOOM ® F1 Begonia semperflorens MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm
800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Day neutral
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
64–66 °F (18–19 °C)
125–175 ppm N Packs | 1 ppp | 4–5 weeks
Aphids, Thrips
Botrytis
Large Packs | 1 ppp | 4–6 weeks 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks 1 qt. | 1–2 ppp | 5–6 weeks 1.25 qt. | 3 ppp | 5–7 weeks 2.5 qt. | 3 ppp | 5–7 weeks 1.5 gal. HB | 5–6 ppp | 7–8 weeks
Begonia BOSSA NOVA ™ F1 Begonia boliviensis MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm
400–800 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Obligate long day
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
58–60 °F (14–16 °C)
200–250 ppm N 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 7–8 weeks 1 qt. | 1 ppp | 8–9 weeks
Fungus gnats, Shore flies (during propagation), Thrips
Pythium, Botrytis
1.25 qt. | 1–2 ppp | 8–10 weeks 2.5 qt. | 1–2 ppp | 8–10 weeks 3 qt. | 3–5 ppp | 8–10 weeks 1.5 gal. HB | 3–5 ppp | 8–10 weeks 2 gal. HB | 5–7 ppp | 8–10 weeks
Begonia EUREKA ™ F1 Begonia semperflorens MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm
800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Day neutral
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
64–66 °F (18–19 °C)
125–175 ppm N Packs | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks
Aphids, Thrips
Botrytis
Large Packs | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks 1 qt. | 1–2 ppp | 6–7 weeks 1.25 qt. | 3 ppp | 6–8 weeks 2.5 qt. | 3 ppp | 6–8 weeks 1.5 gal. HB | 5–6 ppp | 8–9 weeks
Begonia TOPSPIN ™ F1 Begonia semperflorens MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm
800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Day neutral
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
64–66 °F (18–19 °C)
125–175 ppm N Packs | 1 ppp | 4–5 weeks 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks
Aphids, Thrips
Botrytis
1 qt. | 1–2 ppp | 5–6 weeks 1.25 qt. | 3 ppp | 5–7 weeks 2.5 qt. | 3 ppp | 5–7 weeks 1.5 gal. HB | 5–6 ppp | 7–8 weeks
Begonia Interspecific BIONIC ™ F1 Begonia × hybrida MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm
800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Day neutral
70–72 °F (21–22 °C)
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
125–175 ppm N 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 7–8 weeks 1 qt. | 1 ppp | 7–8 weeks
Aphids, Thrips
Botrytis
1.25 qt. | 1 ppp | 8–9 weeks 2.5 qt. | 1 ppp | 8–9 weeks 3 qt. | 2–3 ppp | 8–9 weeks
1.5 gal. HB | 3 ppp | 8–9 weeks 1.5 gal. pot | 2–3 ppp | 8–9 weeks 2 gal. HB | 3–4 ppp | 9–10 weeks
Begonia Interspecific BOWLER ™ F1 Begonia × hybrida MEDIA pH/EC LIGHT LEVEL
DAY LENGTH DAY TEMP NIGHT TEMP FERTILIZER FINISHING PROGRAM
PESTS
DISEASES
pH: 5.5–5.9 SME 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm
800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1
Day neutral
66–68 °F (19–20 °C)
64–66 °F (18–19 °C)
125–175 ppm N Large Packs | 1 ppp | 4–5 weeks 1 pt. | 1 ppp | 4–5 weeks 1 qt. | 1 ppp | 4–5 weeks
Aphids, Thrips
Botrytis
1.25 qt. | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks 2.5 qt. | 1 ppp | 5–6 weeks 3 qt. | 2–3 ppp | 6–7 weeks 1.5 gal. HB | 3 ppp | 7–8 weeks
GROWER SUCCESS GUIDE 2023-2024 | ANNUALS
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