Diandra Maria Pânișoară
Regarding the younger generation, research “The promise of Adolescence: Realizing Opportunity for All Youth” within the National Library of Medicine regarding the stages of development and early experiences contribute to the acceleration of the pubertal rhythm, and theorists suggest that this may be adaptive. According to Mendle and his colleagues (2011) “age at certain stressful life transitions represents a dose-response relationship with maturation, with earlier ages at these events being associated with earlier development”. Children raised in stressful environments may undergo accelerated pubertal development as a compensation mechanism for distrust in social relationships. (Belsky et al., 1991). In this context, early experiences such as various conditionings can have repercussions that last a lifetime. There are several types of conditioning, namely classical, operant, social and cognitive conditioning. Of these, classical and operant conditioning are the best known and discussed. Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning, occurs through the association of two stimuli. In this context, there is the natural stimulus, unconditioned without a learned antecedent, the unconditioned response, the conditioned stimulus (when the natural stimulus is associated with the unconditioned response and creates a conditioned response) and the conditioned response, which is the response learned through the conditioned stimulus. Operant conditioning or instrumental conditioning focuses on the link between behavior and consequence. In the first category are positive reinforcement when a behavior is reinforced by desired consequences and negative reinforcement when a behavior is reinforced by removing an unpleasant stimulus. In the second category we have positive punishment, when a behavior is reduced because an unpleasant consequence is added, and negative punishment, when a behavior is weakened by removing desired stimuli. In this context we have the weakening or complete cessation of a behavior when the process of its reinforcement is erased, the process of training a new behavior and the
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