Interdisciplinary Studies on the Human Condition
repetition of consequences that make the desired activity frequent and the unwanted one less frequent. Conditioning can occur everywhere and anywhere so it can be found in fears such as phobias, advertising, and performance at work, social roles, social media and many more. There are several studies that have shown the eloquence of these types of conditioning, most notably the Little Albert Experiment by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner, in which an 11-month-old child who was not afraid of white animals or objects, after being exposed to this stimulus complemented by a loud and frightening sound, developed a phobia of white and fluffy animals, expecting a negative consequence. From this experiment, the Little Peter Experiment was created, in which psychologist Mary Cobver Jones wondered if the same process used for Albert could work to eliminate a fear. Using a technique called systematic desensitization, she exposed Peter to the things he naturally feared while enjoying a pleasant activity. Over time, this association led to the end of the fear. Given the complexity of these early training systems, the educational system is a crucial and essential element that in Spain is gaining momentum. Regarding the neurological evidence in relation to the evolution of the young person in the modern world adolescence is the most dynamic stage of brain development after childhood in relation to the extent of neuronal changes. The nature of the changes in structure, function and conception allows for increased plasticity, making adolescents receptive to change. These normative developments are essential for the capacity to respond to the hardships of adolescence and adult life, but can also lead to vulnerability and risks of behavior and psychopathology. Regarding a survey published by HBSC on the health and well-being of adolescents in Spain in which 33,000 students aged between 11 and 18 participated (2022), certain changes in daily life are determined. Just over half of those questioned eat breakfast during the week, the lowest number reported in 20 years. This number increases on weekends, but there is a significantly lower possibility that girls regularly have breakfast than boys.
48
Made with FlippingBook - PDF hosting