2023-05-03_BR_V4

Technical training

Blade Repair Training Standard

Publication date: 2 May 2023

Technical training

Blade Repair Standard / V4 2023-05-02

CONTENTS

1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 4

2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................................. 4

3. CHANGE LOG...................................................................................................................................................................... 5

4. SCOPE................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE GWO BLADE REPAIR ................................................................................................. 6

5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5

Target Group

6 6 7 7 7

Aims and Objectives

Validity Period Course Codes

Participant Prerequisites for the Blade Repair Module

6. GENERAL RESOURCES REQUIRED TO DELIVER BLADE REPAIR MODULE ........................................................................... 7

6.1 6.2 6.3

Instructors

7 8 8

Practical Training Facilities

Training Equipment

7. USING THIS STANDARD TO DEVELOP TRAINING................................................................................................................ 9

8. ADMINISTRATION AND CERTIFICATION OF MODULE........................................................................................................ 9

8.1

Participant Performance Assessment

9. MODULE – BLADE REPAIR................................................................................................................................................ 12

9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5

Aims and Objectives of the Blade Repair Module

12 12 13 13 19

Duration

Blade Repair Module Participant Ratio

Blade Repair Module Timetable

Detailed Description of the Blade Repair Module

Introduction to the training ................................................................................................................................ 19 Safety data sheets............................................................................................................................................... 23 Work instruction ................................................................................................................................................. 27 Risk assessment .................................................................................................................................................. 28 Secure an area .................................................................................................................................................... 30 Contamination .................................................................................................................................................... 31 Waste segregation .............................................................................................................................................. 34 Ergonomics ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Lock out tag out (LOTO) ...................................................................................................................................... 37

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Personal protective equipment ........................................................................................................................ 38 Masks and filters ............................................................................................................................................... 42 Chemical safety................................................................................................................................................. 45 Composites and blade construction ................................................................................................................. 49 Materials ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 Tools and equipment ........................................................................................................................................ 60 Phase test ......................................................................................................................................................... 68 Lamination skills................................................................................................................................................ 68 Basic lamination................................................................................................................................................ 77 Sandwich panel ................................................................................................................................................. 81 Painting ............................................................................................................................................................. 88 Blade inspection................................................................................................................................................ 90 Inspection lightning protection system ............................................................................................................ 96 Sanding skills ..................................................................................................................................................... 99 Grinding skills .................................................................................................................................................. 100 Surface repairs ................................................................................................................................................ 102 Laminate repairs ............................................................................................................................................. 108 Filling and shaping .......................................................................................................................................... 118 Trailing edge repairs ....................................................................................................................................... 119 Leading edge repairs ....................................................................................................................................... 123 Sandwich panel repair .................................................................................................................................... 126 Bond line repairs ............................................................................................................................................. 130 Summary and final test ................................................................................................................................... 133 Training review ............................................................................................................................................... 134

ANNEX 1 - EQUIPMENT LIST ......................................................................................................................................................... 136

ANNEX 2 - PRACTICAL EXERCISE (EXAMPLE) ................................................................................................................................ 140

ANNEX 3 - WORK INSTRUCTION (EXAMPLE) ................................................................................................................................ 144

ANNEX 4 - PHOTOCARD................................................................................................................................................................ 152

ANNEX 5 - VERSION HISTORY ....................................................................................................................................................... 153

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1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Biax

Biaxial

Chopped Strand

GWO

Global Wind Organisation

LOTO

Lock Out Tag Out

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment

SDS

Safety Data Sheet

TDS

Technical Data Sheet

Glass Transition

Triax

Triaxial

Unidirectional

Work Instructions

WINDA

GWO training record database

2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Term

Definition

A thin, pre-cured sheet of fibre reinforced composite material. Usually consisting of 1 layer of 600 gsm biax glass fibre.

Hardback

Must

For clarity where the word ‘must’ is used in this standard it shall have the same meaning as ‘shall’.

Verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this training standard and from which no deviation is permitted. Verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required.

Shall

Should

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3. CHANGE LOG

Amendment date

Version

Approved by & date

2 May 23

GWO 2023

Description of changes

Changes throughout:

• New layout Section 4. Scope:

• Revised and updated Section 5.3. Guidance on delivering lesson elements:

• Deleted Section 5.6. Participants prerequisites for the blade repair module:

• Text simplified with “All personnel participating must meet the participant prerequisites described in the GWO Requirements for Training.” Section 5.7. Physical demands:

• Deleted Section 7. Understanding the GWO taxonomy:

• The section Understanding the GWO taxonomy has been replaced with a general instruction and referral to the GWO taxonomy found in the GWO Requirements for Training Blade Repair Module Section 9.2 Duration of the Blade Repair Module:

• Text updated Section 9.4. Blade Repair timetable:

Text updated

•

Element 15.6

Number formatting updated

•

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4. SCOPE Global Wind Organisation is a non-profit body founded by the wind turbine manufacturers and owners. Our members strive for an injury free work environment in the wind turbine industry, setting common international standards for safety training and emergency procedures. This standard describes the requirements for blade repair training that are recommended by the members of GWO. The standard comprises of one module. GWO recognises trained persons as competent within blade repair in the wind industry. GWO accepts the trained person as possessing the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to stop an unsafe work situation where they, as duty holders, are accountable for safety. This standard has been developed in response to the demand for recognisable blade repair training in the industry and has been prepared in co-operation between the members of GWO based on risk assessments, in-depth descriptions of job roles and tasks relevant to blade repair in the wind industry as well as factual incident and accident statistics from G+ and the wind industry.

Training is verified through GWO’s WINDA database.

General feedback on this document can be sent to info@globalwindsafety.org See globalwindsafety.org on how to raise a complaint about a training provider or report a safety incident occurring during training.

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE GWO BLADE REPAIR

Upon completion of the GWO Blade Repair Standard (BR), participants will be aware of the risks and hazards encountered when working with blade inspection and repair within the wind industry. Furthermore, they will be able to control and mitigate those risks and hazards. The GWO Blade Repair Standard training will also equip participants with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to appropriately respond in the event of a hazardous situation and to increase their safety through proper use of personal protective equipment, emergency equipment, procedures and safe craftsmanship. 5.1 Target Group Personnel who will be working in the wind industry, specifically in relation to composite inspection and repair work. Personnel that perform job functions (that have been risk assessed by their employer or their workplace duty holder) that are defined as functions where composite work training, according to this standard, may mitigate some of the identified hazards and risks. 5.2 Aims and Objectives Training in accordance with this standard will enable participants to support and care for themselves and others working in the wind industry by possessing the knowledge and skills of composite inspection and repair work. Upon completion of the GWO Blade Repair Standard training course, participants will be able to work safely with composite materials while conducting inspection and basic blade repair procedures, thereby supporting an overall improvement of the safety for personnel with job functions focussing on composite repair work and inspection in the wind industry.

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5.3 Validity Period The blade repair training is an enduring qualification and therefore a validity period does not apply to this training. This assumes that the participants are actively working with composite inspection and repair. 5.4 Course Codes

Module

Course Code

Blade Repair

Table 5.4.1 – GWO Blade Repair module course code

5.5 Participant Prerequisites for the Blade Repair Module All personnel participating in Blade Repair Module training shall be medically fit and capable of fully participating. Specifically, the participants must be made aware of the risks and hazards related to completing this course while being allergic to the materials used in the module. This also applies for participants suffering from asthma and hyperhidrosis manuum (excessive hand sweating). In addition to the above, all personnel participating must meet the participant prerequisites described in the GWO Requirements for Training.

6. GENERAL RESOURCES REQUIRED TO DELIVER BLADE REPAIR MODULE

The training provider shall ensure that the instructors, facilities, and equipment are in place to support the training of the participants. 6.1 Instructors The instructor shall possess appropriate qualifications and experience to ensure that all training and supportive activities are carried out in accordance with current legislation and the requirements outlined in GWO’s Requirement for Training document. In addition to these requirements instructors for this training standard shall have the following:

The instructor must:

1. Hold valid certificates for GWO BST/BSTR First Aid and GWO BST/BSTR Manual Handling

2. Be able to demonstrate knowledge and practical skills in blade repair methods, techniques, and craftsmanship comparable to those executed by the participants during the practical exercises of the Blade Repair Module

Act as first responder in the case of an accident

Supporting staff:

1. A person with a valid first aid qualification shall be present during all practical training. This can be the instructor or an assigned emergency response team

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6.2 Practical Training Facilities All facilities shall be maintained and, where appropriate, inspected and tested in accordance with current national legislation and manufacturers’ specification. It is recommended that the facilities reach European standards. Risk assessments shall be conducted and documented for all training facilities. The training provider shall hold the required permits to operate the facilities. The learning process is facilitated by comparable elements, comparing the training environment and the participants’ working environment. Comparable elements enhance the application of what is learned. The practical training facilities and the training environment are therefore expected to incorporate as many elements comparable to a real wind turbine working environment as is reasonably practicable. The practical training facility should enable each participant to, individually and/or as part of a team, see, hear and practise the taught subject matter in such a way that it resembles the working practices in a real wind turbine environment.

The following training facility items will be required for the blade repair training:

A workshop area with sufficient:

1. dust extraction to ensure that the amount of dust in the air is kept below 10 milligrams per cubic metre

filtration of extracted air to prevent environmental contamination

3. exposure control measures to limit exposure limits for the instructor and participants to those as stated in the safety data sheet for all materials being used 4. temperature and humidity control to ensure that all materials being used are used within the usage limits specified in the technical data sheet for those materials

5. segregation from classrooms and administrative areas to prevent cross contamination of chemicals

waste segregation to prevent cross contamination

The training provider must ensure that chemical waste is disposed of in accordance with national legislation.

The training provider must provide a changing area between workshop areas and clean areas like classrooms and administration areas where participants and staff can change their shoes to prevent contamination of clean areas with chemicals. The above are the minimum requirements, if national legislation and regulations supersedes this, then they must be followed. 6.3 Training Equipment The equipment required for training as listed in Annex 1 must be available and must fulfil national legal requirements in the country where the training is taking place.

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7. USING THIS STANDARD TO DEVELOP TRAINING The training in this standard is designed around the GWO taxonomy described in the GWO Requirements for Training. Theoretical and practical activities must be delivered according to the defined taxonomic level in order to reach the described learning objectives. When teaching equipment, a generic approach to shall be applied aiming to avoid additional potential product specific formal training after completion of this training. However, national or regional legislation, company gap analysis and location specific risk assessments may require additional product specific familiarisation which is the responsibility of the duty holder. In addition to this, all training based on this standard including all related resources shall, as a minimum, meet the requirements described in the GWO Requirements for Training.

8. ADMINISTRATION AND CERTIFICATION OF MODULE 8.1 Participant Performance Assessment

Participants will be assessed by means of direct observation and supplementary oral questions where appropriate (formative evaluation). The participants will also be subjected to written phase tests after theory elements, and again after the close of the training course (summative evaluation). The written tests can consist of multiple choice or descriptive answer questions and shall be set at the same taxonomy level as the objective that they are testing. There shall be at least one question for each lesson in the module.

The written tests shall be conducted in accordance with the following criteria:

1. there shall be an instructor present in the room where written tests are being conducted for the entire duration of the written test

the participants shall not communicate with each other during the test

3. the participants shall not communicate with any persons via email, telephone, Skype (or similar) or social media during the test

4. the participants shall be allowed to use training material, handouts, and their own notes during the test

5. where a participant does not understand the meaning of a question or a multiple-choice option, the instructor shall be allowed to help the participant to understand the meaning of the question or the multiple-choice options. The instructor shall not give the participants the correct answers to any test questions

there shall be a time limit of 1½ minutes per question

7. the written test questions cannot be used during the training in such a way that the participants could recognise that they will be test questions

8. each participant must answer at least 70% of written test questions correctly to pass the test

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If a participant does not reach the passing criteria in written or observational tests, the instructor shall discuss this with the participant to find out the reason. If this is due to a misunderstanding of a question or due to language difficulties, then the instructor can mark a question as correct provided that the participants is able to demonstrate understanding of the lesson element being tested. This must be documented by the instructor and stored with the tests, control measures and evaluations for the course. Training providers shall have a documented procedure in place for dealing with participants not meeting the stated learning objectives. Throughout the entire GWO blade repair course, the instructor will use the participant assessment form (see Requirements for Training) to evaluate the participants’ knowledge and skills, with a high focus on evaluating the participants’ safety awareness and craftsmanship skills. The instructor shall keep a participant assessment form (or adaptation) for each participant until the completion / evaluation of the blade repair training module. The participant assessment form (or adaptation) is a final evaluation tool for the instructors to assess participants during practical elements. It allows measurement of the number of violations regarding safety, competency or ability. The participant assessment form shall be used as a progressive evaluation tool to discuss the performance of a participant to guide them to success. It also serves as supporting documentation if a participant passes or fails the module. If a participant fails to meet the demands of the blade repair training module, they can attend a new blade repair training in accordance with the contractual agreement when ordering the training course. The re-entry point is dictated by the stage where the participant left the course or where the instructor deems constructive. Training providers may adapt the participant assessment form to other media. Training providers must have a documented procedure in place for dealing with participants not meeting the stated learning outcomes.

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Blade Repair Module

(BR)

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9. MODULE – BLADE REPAIR 9.1 Aims and Objectives of the Blade Repair Module

The aim of this module is to enable participants, through theoretical and practical training, to support and care for themselves and others working in the wind industry by possessing the necessary knowledge, skills, and ability for blade repair. Upon successful completion of the blade repair training course, the participants will be able to perform and document a wind turbine blade inspection, and execute repair work in accordance with a work instruction while maintaining the aerodynamic profile and structural integrity in glass fibre reinforced composite parts of a wind turbine within the following dimensions: 1. laminate repairs including leading edge and trailing edge repairs affecting a maximum amount of five layers and a maximum repair area size of 500cm²

core material replacement up to 200cm²

surface repair to paint and gelcoat

The GWO blade repair training course is intended as an entry level course and the participants will not therefore be expected to perform repairs in major structural elements of blades like spars, spar caps and carbon fibre.

After having successfully complete this GWO Blade Repair module, the participants will have the ability to:

1) Take responsibility for working safely with applicable chemicals, while utilising the applicable personal protective equipment in a controlled manner throughout all phases of blade inspection and repair work (Ability, intermediate level) 2) Explain typical types of blade construction, materials and the importance of surface finish relating to aerodynamic performance and efficiency (Knowledge, intermediate level) 3) Distinguish between and work safely in a controlled manner with epoxy, polyester, polyurethane, vinyl ester, methacrylate, reinforcement materials and solvents related to composite inspection and repair work (Skills, intermediate level) 4) Take responsibility for preparing, operating, and maintaining the correct tools and equipment, be it electrical or mechanical (Ability intermediate level) 5) Take responsibility for safely performing and documenting laminate, sandwich panel and surface layer repairs in accordance with a work instruction in glass fibre reinforced composite parts (Ability, intermediate level)

9.2 Duration The total contact time for completing the Blade Repair module is estimated to be 70 hours and 0 minutes.

The training provider must not exceed the time per day given in the table 9-2.1 below.

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Maximum Duration Per Day

Contact time

8 hours

Total training day

10 hours

Table 9.2.1 – Maximum duration for training day

Contact time includes delivery of course lesson content, practical exercises and activities directly related to these. The total training day includes contact time, meals and breaks and travel between training sites (where applicable).

Note

9.3 Blade Repair Module Participant Ratio The ratio shown for theory sessions indicates the maximum number of participants per instructor attending the course.

Practical ratios indicate the maximum number of participants to be supervised by an instructor during each activity.

Module

Session Theory Practical

Instructor to Participant Ratio

1:12

Blade Repair

1:6

Table 9.3.1 – Instructor to participant ratio

9.4 Blade Repair Module Timetable The order in which elements of this module training are delivered may vary according to the didactical choices of the delivering training provider.

The delivery of this module must comply with the requirements described in the GWO Requirements for Training .

Lesson

Element

Duration

Introduction to the training

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7

Safety instructions and emergency procedures

Facilities

Introduction

Scope and main learning objectives

Ongoing assessment (participant assessment form)

Motivation

Human factors

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TOTAL

20 min.

Safety data sheets

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Safety data sheets

Safety data sheet location

Safety instructions

Hazard labels and symbols Personal protective equipment TOTAL

15 min.

Work instruction

3.1 3.2

The work instruction (WI) Locate work instruction TOTAL

10 min.

Risk assessment

4.1 4.2

The risk assessment

Updated risk assessment TOTAL

20 min.

Secure an area

5.1 5.2

Locate procedures Securing the area TOTAL

10 min.

Contamination

6.1 6.2 6.3

Characteristics

Work instructions as mitigation

Avoiding contamination TOTAL Why segregate waste?

15 min.

Waste segregation

7.1 7.2 7.3

Correct waste segregation Waste segregation information TOTAL

10 min.

Ergonomics

8.1 8.2 8.3

Classroom Workshop Bladework TOTAL

15 min.

Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO)

9.1

Lock Out Tag Out TOTAL

10 min.

10. Personal protective equipment

10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4

Purpose

Application Limitations Task specific

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10.5

Disposal TOTAL Purpose

100 min.

11. Masks and filters

11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5

Filter categories

Categories and lifetime

Masks

Apply filters TOTAL

45 min.

12. Chemical safety

Purpose

Transfer procedures

Information about chemicals

Equipment check

Prevention and mitigation TOTAL

90 min.

13. Composites and blade construction

13.1

Aerodynamics

13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6

Blade construction Sandwich panel Blade enhancements

Faults, implications and mitigations TOTAL

60 min.

14. Materials

Reinforcement materials

Matrix materials

Adhesives

Surface coatings

Chemical handling and application

Curing TOTAL

75 min.

15. Tools and equipment

Mechanical, electrical and pneumatic principles

Utilisation of tools and materials

Calibration

Lamination tools Heating blankets

Checking electrical tools and equipment

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15.7 15.8 15.9

Vibrating tools

Electrical safety devices Documentation types TOTAL

40 min.

16. Phase test

16.1

Phase test TOTAL

30 min.

17. Lamination skills

17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8

Fibre orientation

Kinked or bent fibres

Overlaps

Dry fibres and air voids

Mixing ratio

Calculation of matrix material Curing at elevated temperatures

Ascertaining correct curing

17.9 Ambient temperature and humidity 17.10 Recording ambient temperature and humidity TOTAL

150 min.

18. Basic lamination

18.1 18.2 18.3

Minimise risks associated with fibre work

Fibreglass mats

Fibre orientation and moulding theory TOTAL

290 min.

Minimise risks associated with composite fibre work

19. Sandwich panel

19.1

19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5

Sandwich construction

Curing of fibre reinforced composite laminate Producing a composite sandwich panel

Trailing edge section TOTAL Completion of blade TOTAL

420 min.

20. Painting

20.1

120 min.

21. Blade inspection

21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4

Typical failures

Reactions to damage categories Focused and scaled photographs

Tap test

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21.5 21.6 21.7

Lighting

Inspection tools and methods

Types of damage TOTAL

230 min.

22. Inspecting lightning protection system

22.1

Surface components

22.2 22.3

Visual conductivity inspection

Measure resistance TOTAL

50 min.

23. Sanding skills

23.1

Sanding TOTAL Grinding TOTAL

45 min.

24. Grinding skills

24.1

100 min.

Minimise risks associated with composite fibre work

25. Surface repairs

25.1

25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9

Filler adhesion

Reproduce surface profile

Paint adhesion Layer thickness

Apply paint with a roller

Layer thickness with wet film

Record ambient temperature and humidity

Inspection and documentation TOTAL

180 min.

Minimise risks associated with composite fibre work

26. Laminate repairs

26.1

26.2 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.7 26.8 26.9

Safe removal of damaged material

Identifying fibre direction

Reinforcement overlaps and matrix adhesion

Mixing

Repair layers

Wetting out fibres using appropriate tools Wetting out fibres with matrix material

Vacuum consolidation 26.10 Curing the repair using heating blankets

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26.11 Verifying the curing 26.12 Recording the ambient temperature and humidity TOTAL

600 min.

27. Filling and shaping

27.1

Filler TOTAL

180 min.

Minimise the risks associated with composite fibre work

28. Trailing edge repairs

28.1

28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5

Repair task Crack repairs

Recreating blade profile

Record ambient temperature and humidity TOTAL Minimise risks associated with composite fibre work

380 min.

29. Leading edge repairs

29.1

29.2 29.3 29.4

Repair task

Leading edge repair Relocate leading edge TOTAL

440 min.

Minimise risks associated with composite fibre work

30. Sandwich panel repair

30.1

30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5

Repair task

Repair inner and outer laminate

Replacement core

Inspection and documentation TOTAL

180 min.

31. Bond line repairs

31.1 31.2 31.3

Debonding

Injection of adhesive

Injecting material in the trailing edge TOTAL

180 min.

32. Summary and final test

32.1 32.2

Summary Final test TOTAL

60 min.

33. Training review

33.1 33.2

Training review Feedback session TOTAL

30 min.

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GRAND TOTAL

4200 min.

9.5 Detailed Description of the Blade Repair Module INTRODUCTION TO THE TRAINING

20 min.

The aim of this lesson is for the participants to be motivated and to engage in the training safely at a training facility, while recognising what is expected of them during the training.

After having successfully completed lesson 1 of the Blade Repair Module, the participants can:

1) Recognise what is expected of them throughout the module (Knowledge, basic level)

2) Name and point out local emergency procedures and facilities (Knowledge, basic level)

3) Discuss the relevant human factors and explain their implications (Knowledge, intermediate level)

ELEMENT 1.1 - SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Learning objective:

4) The participants show interest or curiosity in the safety and emergency procedures at the training facility (ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Explain and ask involving questions aiming at:

safety instructions according to internal procedures

b. emergency procedures and emergency exits in the areas where the participants can be expected to be located during the course

The participants shall:

Engage in answering questions on local safety and emergency procedures

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ELEMENT 1.2 - FACILITIES

Learning objective:

5) The participants can recognise the location of facilities at the training location (Knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Present a general description of the facilities at the training location (administration, dining area, restrooms, toilets, etc.)

Alternative activity: lead a tour and point out facilities

The participants shall:

Note relevant facilities and ask question when in doubt

ELEMENT 1.3 - INTRODUCTION

Learning objective:

6) The participants show interest in fellow participants and the course content and design (Ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Explain and ask involving questions on the blade repair training module programme, including about breaks and mealtimes

Give a short introduction to themselves including their backgrounds as instructors

Ask for participants’ expectations of the training, their learning and development

The participants shall:

Give a short introduction to themselves, including job function, expected primary geographic work location and share expectations on the training

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ELEMENT 1.4 - SCOPE AND MAIN LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Learning objective:

7) The participants can recognise the scope and main objectives of the Blade Repair Training Module (knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Present the scope and main learning objectives of the Blade Repair Module training

Involve participants in questions on understanding and individual experiences on blade repair

The participants shall:

Engage in answering the above questions and share experiences of blade repair

ELEMENT 1.5 - ONGOING ASSESSMENTS (PARTICIPANT ASSESSMENT FORM)

Learning objective:

8) The participants can recognise the assessment procedure and the aim of the ongoing assessment (Knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Explain the reasons for the ongoing assessment

Explain the layout of the GWO participant assessment form and how it will be used

The participants shall:

Engage themselves in discussions and ask questions when in doubt in relation to the assessment procedure

ELEMENT 1.6 - MOTIVATION

Learning objective:

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9) The participants show interest and willingness to engage in the learning activities (Ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Explain and lead discussion on:

the importance of personal involvement in the course

b. the definition of and the need for blade repair understandings and abilities

Positive motivation is the driving force for commitment. The instructor should make a focused effort to support growth of the necessary attitude and motivation in the participants.

Note

The participants shall:

Engage themselves in discussion and share experiences on blade repair

When the participants succeed by trying out on their own, bring their relevant experience into play and apply learning points from the instructor’s feedback, they develop a positive attitude and responsibility towards the subject and the performance in the work situation.

Note

ELEMENT 1.7 - HUMAN FACTORS

The aim of the element is to draw the participant’s attention to how human behaviour and taking responsibility influences a safe work environment. The aim is additionally to prepare for a focus on human factors during practical training and exercises.

Learning objectives:

10) The participants can describe the relevant human factors, and their implications (Knowledge, basic level)

11) The participants show interest and willingness to focus on human factors during the following practical exercises (Ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Present how human factors influence accidents in the wind industry (relevant statistics may be presented)

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Lead a discussion about the role of the individual in improving human behaviour and how this can improve the safety of offshore operations Ensure that constructive feedback on the participant’s performance involves human factors criteria when these are defined in the learning objective such as the ability to take responsibility or to act independently

Facts and human factors criteria:

The consequences of human factors in accidents in wind turbine environments are influenced by the following terms and conditions:

attention and perception

group behaviour and peer pressure

weather conditions

weather delays

noise levels

site layout and housekeeping

fitness and health

domestic and work-related stress

workload (both overload and underload)

fatigue

time pressure and deadlines

alcohol, medication, and substance abuse

The participants shall:

Engage in discussions and share experiences on how human factors influence blade repair accidents. Engage in and reflect on received feedback and take responsibility for their own performance and development during the training

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

15 min.

The aim of the lesson is to enable the participants to read, explain and use the information obtained from a safety data sheet (SDS) in a wind turbine environment.

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After having successfully completed this lesson, the participants can:

12) Show interest in always obtaining the most up-to-date safety data sheet in the applicable language before initiating work (Ability, basic level)

ELEMENT 2.1 - SAFETY DATA SHEETS

Learning objectives:

13) The participants can describe the purpose and content of safety data sheets (Knowledge, basic level)

14) The participants can recognise that specific companies or country specific requirements can mean additional sources of safety information (Knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Describe the requirement for chemical manufacturers to produce safety data sheets for the chemicals they produce

Explain the purpose of safety data sheets

Briefly emphasise that specific companies or country specific requirements can mean additional sources of safety information such as material safety data sheets or safety information being summarised in the work instruction

Show examples and explain the contents of safety data sheets with emphasis on sections 1.4, 2, 4 and 5

Ask the participants relevant questions about the purpose and content of the safety data sheets

The participants shall:

Share their understandings of the purpose and content of safety data sheets

ELEMENT 2.2 - SAFETY DATA SHEET LOCATION

Learning objectives:

15) The participants can describe the importance of always finding the most up to date safety data sheet in the applicable language (Knowledge, basic level)

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16) The participants show interest in always finding the most up to date safety data sheet in the applicable language before initiating work (Ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Emphasise the importance of obtaining the most up-to-date company specific safety information, such as safety data sheets or material safety data sheets, from e.g. a site lead or company representative before initiating work

Facilitate a discussion on the importance of locating safety data sheets written in local languages

The participants shall:

Engage in discussions about the importance of locating safety data sheets written in local languages

ELEMENT 2.3 - SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Learning objectives:

17) The participants can recognise the importance of following safety instructions according to internal and national procedures (Knowledge, basic level) 18) The participants can describe how to locate one example of a chemical from the safety data sheet (Knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Emphasise the importance of finding company specific safety instructions

Emphasise the requirement to follow national safety procedures

Explain how to locate one example of a chemical from the safety data sheet

Assign the participants into groups and ask them to describe to each other how to locate at least one example of a chemical, topic, or content from the safety data sheet, which will be used during the course, including the mitigation steps

The participants shall:

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In groups, describe to each other how to locate at least one example of a chemical, topic or content from the safety data sheet which will be used during the course, including the mitigation steps

ELEMENT 2.4 - HAZARD LABELS AND SYMBOLS

Learning objectives:

19) The participants can recognise the different types of hazard labels and their implications, covering at least toxic, flammable, and hazardous environment symbols (Knowledge, basic level)

20) The participants can recognise different types of safety labels (Knowledge, basic level)

21) The participants can describe the implications of different types of safety labels (Knowledge, basic level)

22) The participants show interest in complying with the different types of hazard labels and safety labels and their implications (Ability, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Show examples:

a. from a safety data sheet and explain the meaning of hazard identification labels and their implications

b. of, and explain, the meaning of toxic, flammable, and hazardous symbols

Ask the participants relevant questions about the different types of safety labels and their implications

The participants shall:

Share their understanding of the different types of safety labels and their implications

ELEMENT 2.5 - PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Learning objective:

23) The participants can explain what type of personal protective equipment to use with the applicable chemical (Knowledge, Intermediate level)

The instructor shall:

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Blade Repair Standard / V4 2023-05-02

Demonstrate how to identify the personal protective equipment to be used with a chemical from the safety data sheet Facilitate practice for the participants in how to identify the personal protective equipment to be used with the applicable chemical from the safety data sheet Give constructive feedback on the participants’ identification of the personal protective equipment to be used with the applicable chemical from the safety data sheet

The participants shall:

Practise how to identify the personal protective equipment to be used with the applicable chemical from the safety data sheet

WORK INSTRUCTION

10 min.

The aim of the lesson is to enable the participants to seek and locate the correct company specific work instruction and understand the implications of not seeking the latest information from the work instruction before initiating work.

After having successfully completed this lesson of the Blade Repair Module, the participants can:

24) Show interest in always locating the most up to date and correct company specific work instruction before initiating work (Ability, basic level)

ELEMENT 3.1 - WORK INSTRUCTION (WI)

Learning objectives:

25) The participants can describe the content of a work instruction (Knowledge, basic level)

26) The participants can describe the reasons for using a work instruction during blade repair (Knowledge, basic level)

The instructor shall:

Facilitate a discussion on the reasons for using a work instruction during blade repair

Explain the risks and hazards posed by not following a work instruction

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