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2001 9 CHR IST IAN FAITH ANTHOLOGY Selections by Various Artists O. F.R.H. QUARTET Ring the Bells of Heaven R. ATWOOD— Jesus I Come V. RALEY— How Great Thou Art P. CARSON— Lord/ I'm Coming Home J. GUSTAFSON— Is Your All on the Altar H.O.R. QUART.— When the Redeemed are Gathering In C. TURNER— Whispering Hope R. CARMICHAEL— My Redeemer E. ANDERSON— What A Friend CHRISTCHURCH CHOIR— Burdens are Lifted at Calvary 2003 • CHRISTIAN FAITH ANTHOLOGY Selections by various Artists— Vol. 2 SCOTTISH CHOIR— 'Tis Marvelous and Wonderful T. FONTANE— God Will Take Care of You J. CONNER— All Hail the Power EVANGELETTES TR 1 0 - Jewels B. & B. ALLEN— Wayfaring Stranger B. CARLE— Battle Hymn of the Republic A CAPPELLA CHOIR— And Can It Be R. ROBLES— All that Thrills My Soul J. GUSTAFSON & J. BAR CLAY— Safe in the Arms of Jesus BIOLA CHOIR— Under His Wings J. WEBB— Down Deep in the Sea A. HARTMAN— There is a Fountain
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At Home W ith the Lord
Mrs. Audrey Lucile Talbot
A t 1:30 A.M. on February 22, 1960, after a lingering illness, Audrey Lucile Talbot, beloved wife of Dr. Louis T. Talbot, Chancellor of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, fell asleep in Christ. While the hearts of all who knew and loved her are very sad at this separation, yet they rejoice that for her the long period of suffering is at an end, and that she is with Him in whose presence is “ fulness of joy,” at whose right hand there are “ pleas ures forevermore.” The fragrance of her lovely Christian life will ever linger, and her courage and victorious testi mony in the face of impending death will never be forgotten. She not only glorified God in her life, but also in her death as well. Almost with her very last breath she witnessed of Christ to those about her in the hospital. The last services for Mrs. Talbot were held in the Church of the Recessional in Forest Lawn on Thursday, February 25, at 11:30 A.M., with Dr. S. H. Sutherland, President of the Bible Institute, in charge. After reading
a number of Scripture passages, and paying a tribute to the memory of Mrs. Talbot, Dr. Sutherland then called upon Rev. Ralph Scoville, Visitation Minister of the Church of the Open Door, to lead in prayer, after which Dr. Charles L. Feinberg of Talbot Theological Seminary, Dr. Lloyd T. Anderson of the Bethany Baptist Church of West Covina and Dr. Robert P. Shuler spoke, all emphasizing the effectiveness of Mrs. Talbot’s Christian life and the fact that during her husband’s long ministry she was a most faithful helpmeet. Dr. Shuler, who had first known her as a member of the University Methodist Church in Austin, Texas, of which he was then pastor, told of her sweet, quiet life and deplored the fact that the kind of womanhood she represents seems to be rare in our day. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Enns sang two beauti ful duets, “ Calvary” and “ Perfect Rest.” Over six hun dred friends and relatives were present to pay their respects. (continued on page 18)
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APRIL, 1960
ReaderReaction ARTICLE ON ECUMEN ICALISM I was impressed by your courage in printing the article on “ Pope John’s Appeal for Church Unity” (Novem ber, 1959). It not only presented the problem, but also a recommendation of what every true believer in Christ must do. Most denominations are keeping their people totally ignorant of these modem trends. God bless you as you continue to sound the warning as watchmen on the wall of Zion. Mrs. John Hilden, Seattle, Washington TEENAGE COMMENTS I’m a teenager and I appreciate your wonderful magazine T H E KING’S BUSINESS. I am always glad to see it come every month of course, but the article about Karen Johnson ( “A Teenage Triumph,” October, 1959) was something special. It meant a lot to me. I also love the articles “ Talks with Teenagers,” by Aunt Betty. Bonnie Adams, Muskegon, Michigan W AN T S TO INTEREST CHURCH I have wanted to interest my church in your magazine for a long time. I have been reading THE KING’S BUSINESS for some time and it seems to get continually better and better. Please send me 25 copies of your Jubilee edition. Rev. William B. Walker, Calvary Baptist Church, Southgate, Michigan M ISSIONARY RECEIVES M AGA Z IN E I especially like the editorials in THE KING’S BUSINESS magazine. I send the magazine to a missionary in Germany. Nancy Mann, Los Angeles, California.
WHERE IS NEW CAMPUS LOCATED? In reading THE KING’S BUSINESS you talk about the La Mirada Cam pus. Just where is it? I can’t find it on any of my maps. Mr. Frank J. Linden, Tracy, California E d it o r ’ s N o t e : The Biola Campus is located in La Mirada which is a part of the Southeastern section of Los An geles County. It adjoins Norwalk, South Whittier, Buena Park, La Habra, and other nearby communities. Visitors are always welcome. Training facilities for the Bible Institute, Biola College and Talbot Theo logical Seminary are all located on the new campus. Business and ad ministration offices, in addition to classrooms and offices of the School of Missionary Medicine, are still in the downtown buildings at Sixth and Hope Streets . NOTES IMPROVEMENT For a long time I’ve planned to write you and tell you how happy I have been with the improvement in THE KING’S BUSINESS. For awhile I despaired of reading it, or recom mending it to my friends, but I thank the Lord it is so good of late. I espe cially enjoyed the editorial sometime ago by Dr. Sutherland on “ I Am A Fundamentalist.” My prayers are that you will never compromise in these days when the enemy is doing all in his power to defeat the cause of Christ. Mrs. Charles H. Connell, Newport, Nebraska. Please renew my subscription to THE KING’S BUSINESS . . . an old friend I would not like to do without. I have known the magazine since the early days with Dr. Thomas Horton and Dr. Keith Brooks. May God allow you many more years of service for His glory. Mrs. R. H. Carey, Ben Lomon, California.
F O R R E F E R E N C E i m n * »
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F isherman Goes H om e 55 Paul E. Walker, son-in-law of Rev. T . C. “ Daddy” Horton, one of the found ers of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, went into the presence of the Lord sometime during the evening of February 27, or morning of the 28, while in the mountains near Idyllwild. Funeral services for M r. Walker, one of the members of the board of the International Fishermen’s club, were conducted March 3 at the Community Baptist Church in Manhattan Beach. Although seventy years of age, M r. Walker had taken a group of boys to the mountains for a week-end spiritual retreat. As he often did, he went aside to spend some time alone with the Lord. Apparently, while walking along the trail, he slipped on an icy spot and was found Sunday morning, February 28, by forest rangers. M r. Walker is survived by his wife, Helen, a son, Kenneth, and two daugh ters, Mrs. Norman Crider, whose husband is pastor of the Westwood Covenant Church of Phoenix, Arizona, and Mrs. A1 Shaver, of Seattle. Because of M r. Walker’s close association with the work of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, Inc., and his great missionary interest both at home and around the world, a special story is being prepared for our next issue of TH E K ING ’S BUSINESS concerning his distinctive ministry. Anyone who knew Paul Walker could not help but think with reference to his life, of the verse, “Enoch walked with God and he was not, for God took him.”
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THE KING'S BUSINESS
4
I a 1 i c 3
3 E H . A publication of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, Inc. Louis T. Talbot, Chancellor
S. H. Sutherland, President
*
Ray A. Myers, Chairman of the Board
APRIL, in the year of our Saviour Nineteen Hundred and Sixty
Vol. 51, No. 4
Established 1910
Dedicated to the spiritual development of the Christian home
k f i t k AUDREY LUCILE TALBOT— At Home with the Lord ............. WHEN DID JESUS DIE?— Lloyd A. Hartman ............. FIRE RAZES COLLEGE STRUCTURE— Taylor University . 11 BY ALL M EAN S SAVE SOME— Dorothy Grunbock Johnston .......... 13 SHOULD CHR IST IAN S FEAR?— Vance Havner 14 THE TEMPLE OF GOD— Robert McCollum ....... .... ......... ..... 16 THE OTHER SIDE OF A DARK M ISSIONARY PICTURE— Henry Owen .............. ..................... ......... .......... ...... 20 IS SATAN SOON TO BE INCARNATED ?— William Ward Ayer .... 25 KATHY FINDS A SONG— Helen Frazee-Bower ............... .... ....... 40 REACHING CHILDREN BY RADIO— Radio Kids Bible Club 48 F e a t o j EDITORIAL— Samuel H. Sutherland ________________ DR. TALBOT'S QUESTION BOX— Louis T. Talbot 22 PERSONAL EVANGELISM— Benjamin Weiss ................................ 24 H YMN S YOU LOVE— Phil Kerr ........... 29 BOOK REVIEWS— Arnold Ehlert ................................. ...... . 30 WORLD NEWSGRAMS— James O. Henry ................. .............. 34 SCIENCE A N D THE BIBLE— Bolton Davidheiser 35 TALK ING IT OVER— Clyde M. Narramore ................. .............. 36 THE CHR IST IAN HOME— Paul Boyles ...................... ............. 38 UNDER THE PARSONAGE ROOF— Althea Miller .............. ........ 39 TALKS W ITH TEENAGERS— Betty Brucchert 43 A LUM N I NEWS— Inez McGahey ................. 44 RADIO BROADCASTING— Al Sanders .... 45
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D ll. W I I .L I A M CU LB ER T SO N President 9 M ood y ttible institute speaks on the fundamentals of the faith. A u th o r ity “God’s final authority for men today — a Book or a Church? Here is an emotional question for which many have a quick answer. ‘The Church,’ say some. ‘The Book,’ say others. ‘Neither,’ is the unbe lieving answer of still others. What about it? How hopeless we would be without an authoritative voice. But where is au thority? “ Did not the Church give us the Bible? Has not the Church been the custodian, the guardian of the Bible? So the Church must take precedence over the Bible, argue her advocates. No, the Church did not give us the Bible. But were the writers not members of the Church? The writers of the New Testament, yes. But remember that God’s use of them was as individuals. He did not give the Word through the corporate Church or through a Church council. The stress is on God as the Giver; not the Church. “But did not the Church designate the books to be included, and excluded? Yes, in the special providence of God. W ell, does that not mean that the Church is superior to that which it has designated? A simple illustration from Martin Luther will answer that question. To say that the fixing of the canon of the sacred Scrip tures is to make the Church which so designated them superior to them would be as foolish as maintaining that John the Baptist, who pointed out Christ to the multitudes, was superior to cite One he introduced. Wisdom from God to designate the books in the canon of Scripture should never be equated with superiority to these writings. “W e shall do well to rest upon the Word which is forever settled in heaven. The Church has true authority only inso far as her principles and practice are in conformity to the Word of God. Then she is fair as the moon, clear as the sun, and terrible as an army with banners.” Every Christian should have a copy of Dr. Culbertson’s book God’s Provision for Holy Living. For your free copy, write Moody Bible Institute, Dept. K-0-863, 820 N . LaSalle Street, Chicago 10, Illinois.
8
d e b u u
READER REACTION .............. 4 PEOPLE IN THE NEWS ........................................................... 6 JUBILEE COMM ENT S ...... 7 HOM ILETICAL HELPS 23 NUGGETS OF GOLD ...................................... 37 TOWN A N D CAM PU S NEWS 46 — All Rights Reserved —
S. H. SUTHERLAND: Editor
PAUL SCHWEPKER: Controller
JANE M. CLARK: Circulation Manager EDITORIAL BOARD Irene Boyd, Bolton Davidheiser, Arnold D. Ehlert, Charles L. Feinberg, James O. Henry, Martha S. Hooker, Al Sanders, Oran H. Smith, Gerold B. Stanton
SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION — "The King's Business" is published monthly. U.S., its possessions, and Canada, $3.00, one year; $1.50. six months; 25 cents, single copy. Clubs of three or more at special rotes. Write for details. Foreign subscription 75 cents extra. It requires one month for a chonge of address to become effective. Please send both old and new addresses. REMITTANCES — Should be made by bank draft, express, or post office money order payoble to "The King's Business/'
ADVERTISING — For information oddress the Advertising Manager, The King's Business, 558 South Hope Street, Los Angeles 17, California. MANUSCRIPTS — "The King's Business" connot accept responsibility for loss or damage to manuscripts mailed to us for consideration. Second-class postage paid at Los An geles, California. Printed in U.S.A. by Church Press, Glendale, California. ADDRESS: The King's Business, 558 S. Hope St., Los Angeles 17, California.
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APRIL, 1960
M V /
1
be held May 21-25 in Charleston, West Virginia. The 10th annual Res cue Mission Training School will be held in August at Winona Lake, In diana. Dr. Ralph Blocksma was appointed chairman of the First International Convention on Missionary Medicine, sponsored by the Christian Medical Society held on the Wheaton College campus. During the four day conclave more than 785 delegates attended from 39 states and 25 foreign coun tries. Other speakers included Drs. A. W. Tozer and L. Nelson Bell. Dr. Kenneth Strachan, director of the Latin America Mission, has declared that the six month “ evangelism in depth” campaign has shown excellent response throughout Nicaragua. The thrust continues through June. Dr. Richard S. Beal, pastor of the First Baptist Church of Tucson, Ari zona, has just com pleted 42 years at the church. During this time more than 187 young people have entered the ministry or gone to the foreign field. Rev. David Beal, the pastor’s y o u n g e s t son, is also on the staff as director of Christian Educa tion. Dr. Oswald J. Smith, president of the People’s Missionary Society of the People’s Church, Toronto, Canada, will conduct the organization’s annual missionary conference this year April 17 - May 15. Dr. T. Berner Madsen, professor emeri tus and vice-president of Trinity Seminary and Bible College, retired recently from an extensive teaching ministry covering more than four decades. Rev. Robert Bowman, director of the Far East Broadcasting Company, has announced that the 12th station of FEBC, KSAB, is now on the air. The facility is located on Okinawa. A 100,- 000 watt transmitter in the same area is now being installed and testing is expected shortly. Mr. Ken Anderson, executive vice- president of Gospel Films, has re turned from a 15,000 mile trip of Latin American countries. The com pany’s new production, “ SOME THING TO DIE FOR,” was surveyed by leaders throughout the area covered.
Rev. D. Kenneth Reisinger, president of the Evangelical Teacher Training Association, has re signed his post to become the Eastern Regional Director of Education Serv ices for G o s p e l is. His headquarters in Pennsylvania.
This command of the Risen Christ is being carried out through the media of about 50 radio stations from coast to coast and several foreign stations. Heard in State of Israel. Many write for the Prophecy Edi tion New Testament. These are fol lowed up by mail and personal calls whenever possible. Classes are held where Jewish people gather in homes. Some are finding Christ as Saviour-Messiah. We covet your prayerful support. Send for free copy of our maga zine, MESSAGE TO ISRAEL. Coulson Shepherd, Director (FOUNDED 1937)
Light Publicati will be centerei
Dr. Joseph Free will be conducting four tours for Wheaton College during 1960 which will cover Bible lands as well as European and South Ameri can countries. An additional grand circle tour of Western United States is also projected. Dr. Enock C. Dyrness, Wheaton College Registrar, will be director of the Wheaton Summer Institute of Mis sions which will be conducted June 14 to July 22. Others taking part will he Harold Cook, J. Edward Hakes, Mel vin E. Lorentzen, James Murk, Hurbert Reynhout, and Dorothy Braun. Drs. William Ward Ayer, Henry Grube, John Hess McComb, John R. Rice and | Revs. Kenton Beshore and Noel Smith, will be guest speakers during the an nual spring Bible conference of Bob Jones University. Both Drs. Bob Jones Sr., and Bob Jones, Jr. will also be heard. Mr. Clyde H. Dennis, president of Good News Publishers, has announced that a new world headquarters for litera ture will soon be constructed. In a projected three year program, the facilities will cost approximately $ 1 , 000 , 000 . Dr. Grady Wilson, associate Evangelist
w M ESSAGE TO ISRAEL, Inc. BO X 682, G.P.O., N EW Y O R K 1, N. Y.
GET YOUR FREE COPY NOW! Beootifully illustrated; pictures and lists soul-moving
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with the Billy Gra ham Team, is one o f t h e featured speakers for the 18th annual con vention of the Na tional Association of Evangelical to be held in Chicago, April 26-29.
p s É É
A Pictorial History by Bernard R. DeRemer Dr. William Culbertson says: “ T h is p rofusely illu s trated volum e will be treasured by all friends o f the Institute . . . may our friends be blessed as th ey see the evidence that God has blessed the school that D . L. M oody founded.” At Christian Bookstores
m m
Dr. Irwin A. Moon, director of the Moody Institute of Science, has de parted on the first leg of a two year World-Wide Photographic Project. Also with Moon are Dr. George Speake, Mr. Robert L. Miller, and Mr. Kieth Har gett. Rev. Clifton E. Gregory, president of the International Union of Gospel Missions, has announced that the 47th I annual convention of the group will
Cover by Warner Sallman in full color
YOUR FAVORITE BOOKSTORE K-0-750 Please send_________ copies of M oody B ible I nstitute —A Pictorial History , at $3.95 each, plus 25 i for postage and handling. "I I N am e ......................................... I Address ..................................... ■ C ity ................................. Zone. i MOODY PRESS • CHICAGO 10, ILLINOIS .State .
THE KING'S BUSINESS
6
One of These Needs YOU! Answer the Appeal of a Little Child —. -mumm...
^ ^ i e C o i n ^ ^ Robert A . Cook Vice President, Scripture Press Foundation
"The KING 'S BUSINESS was a re gular visitor in our home during the
days w h e n I was growing up. F r e q ue n t l y bundles of the magazine would be ordered, and distributed t o friends. In later years, I watch ed with mature
appreciation the progress of this ministry. During the time my sister was editor of the magazine, and often since that time, I have prais ed the Lord for the clear and un wavering stand the KING 'S BUSI NESS has maintained on the Word of God and the essentials of our Christian faith/7
W ILL YOU SPONSOR A KOREAN ORPHAN FOR EIGHT DOLLARS A MONTH ! TRY IT AN D SEE W HAT JOY IT W ILL BRING YOU. Y o u m a y select you r ow n ch ild from the pictures above and becom e a sponsor of one of these dear Korean O rphan children. (Y o u m a y seek a friend to be a co-sponsor w ith you— $ 4 e a ch ). Y o u m a y w rite and send parcels to h im an y tim e yo u w ish. H e w ill answ er and send yo u a picture of h im se lf w ith the cloth in g on, toys in han d , etc. M y ! W h a t jo y this brings! E very d ay these ch il dren are tau gh t the B ible, sing Christian songs, earnestly pray. E very ch ild is led to receive Christ as his personal Saviour. T h e y a ll attend church, Sunday School and other services. A ll staff m em bers are earnest Christians. FROM A GANG OF BEGGARS N um b e r 1C, Lee W o n II, cannot rem em ber h is parents at all. H e w as found b egg in g in the m ark et w ith a g a n g of beggar boys. N o w he is a changed boy in our L ittle L am b ’s O rphanage in Seoul. H e loves to tell of his past as a beg ga r and the change that has taken p lace in his life since he learned of Christ and H is salvation. E ach ch ild is w a itin g to have an Am erican or C anad ian “ D a d d y and M om - m ie” ! For o n ly $ 8 a m on th— just 2 6 pennies a d ay— you or you r Sunday School, B ib le Class, Junior C hurch, Ladies Group, etc., w ill h elp b rin g Christ to you r chosen bo y or girl and train h im to be a Christian leader in Korea. T h is $ 8 provides a ll the needs of the ch ild , in clu d in g school tuition w h ich is not free in Korea. T h e E S E A is ca rin g fo r over 3 00 0 orphans, w a r w idow s and children of lepers. M a n y m ore are in desperate need , hom eless, cold and h u n g ry . H e lp us take in m a n y m ore off the streets into our 4 2 H om es. W r ite or phone N O W ! I----------------------------------------------------CLIP AND MAIL TODAY------------------------------------------------------ , | | YES I want to sponsor an orphan for one year. My choice is Number ....... ..... ...................... If this child has already been “ adopted,” I agree to support another whom you will select. With God’s help I will send $8 a month. Please let me have my child’s name, picture, address and story. I understand I may continue as long as I wish. SEND FULL PARTICULARS. | I □ 1 cannot “ adopt” a child but want to help by giving $______________ ___ _________________........ □ !’lease send me further information. I Name__— .................................................................................................................................. ................................... I Address.............—...— — ____ ..... ......--------------------- ....... __________________ ______ __ ______ ____ City ......—... ________________________ ____ Zone______ State. ______ _____________...._________ Gifts of any amount are welcome and, as well as sponsoring, are income tax deductible. THE EVERETT SWANSON EVANGELISTIC ASSOCIATION, INC. ^ o r ^ tio n * | Dept. K-4, 4848 North Leonard Drive, Chicago 31, Illinois, Telephone: GLadstone 6-6181 . THE EVERETT SWANSON EVANGELISTIC ASSOCIATION, INC. 4 8 4 8 North Leonard Drive, Chicago 3 1 , Illinois
Oswald J . Smith Founder, The Peoples Church
"During most of the years of my ministry the KING 'S BUSINESS has
come to me re gularly and I have always ap preciated it. As soon as it ar- r i v e s I go through it very carefully. It has been a great blessing and I
appreciate its ministry more than I can say. I have had the privilege of writing for it from time to time and so my articles have appeared in it. It is one of the outstanding magazines of this generation. Its various features are interesting, in spiring and instructive, and I am glad to have it coming to my desk." Theodore H . Epp Director, Back to the Bible Broadcast "Fifty years of publication in the religious field which sees so
many promising p a p e r s and magazines fade a w a y with a short time is an enviable record. It is, without question, due to God's blessing on the wealth
of Bible truth and other vital in formation that has characterized the KING 'S B U S I N E S S down through the years. We trust that, should the Lord tarry, the magazine will have an increasingly wide min istry, both at home and abroad."
7
APRIL, 1960
A MESSAGE from the editor
FOR THE BEST BIG BEAR LAKE
Much continues to be writ ten and spoken concerning fundamentalists and the fundamentalist position. It is well, therefore, to con sider something of the back ground truths found in the Word of God which have be come the basis of this posi tion. In 1909, Mr. Lyman Ste wart, Founder of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, and Mr. Milton Stewart, his brother, published a series of books, entitled, "The Fundamentals." These books were given very widespread circulation; over three million copies being dis tributed. Many were sent, free of charge, to mission aries on the foreign fields and to ministers throughout ithese books were written by logians and Bible students.
Lots— Cabins— Homes— Income Property
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COM ING NEXT MONTH Camp and Conference Directory K I N G ' S B U S I N E S S
WILL YOU HELP? "Our Lord commissioned you 'Go preach saying, The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand. Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers.' " — Matt. 10:7, 8 Write for information to AM ER ICAN LEPROSY M ISSIONS Rev. David E. Todd, Reg. Dir.
Dr. Samuel H. Sutherland
the United States. Articles i outstanding conservative the
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Five great doctrines of the church became known as the "Fundamentals." (1) the infallibility of the Bible, (2) the virgin birth of Christ, 3) the miracles, (4) the vicar ious atonement of Jesus Christ on Calvary's Cross, and (5) His bodily resurrection. It was never intended that these should be considered the only fundamentals of the faith, but they became more or less the symbols of the orthodox faith of the entire Protestant movement. Among modernism's new names are "liberalism," "ra tionalism," "Barthianism" and, more lately, "neo-ortho doxy" and "neo-evangelicalism." The fundamentalists are also known as "conservatives" and "Bible-believing Chris tians." Regardless of the name, in one way or another the modernists deny one or more of these great fundamentals of the faith and thus endeavor to weaken the very foundation of historic Christianity and to make the Cross of Jesus Christ of none effect. On the other hand, the fundamen talist, or conservative or Bible-believing Christian glad ly affirms his convictions regarding these great truths. He enthusiastically adheres to them and, as opportunity is presented, proclaims these and the other great doctrines of our historic faith to the salvation of souls and the building up of saints in our most holy faith. The historic Christian position through the centuries has been acceptance of these great truths as the founda tions of its theology, doctrine, and preaching. In spite of all Satanic efforts to destroy their signifioance, these truths shine as brightly as they ever did because they are the eternal truths of God. There is no reason whatever to believe that in this particular generation the critics of the Word of God will have any more success than they did in the past. God's Word standeth sure!
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8
THE KING'S BUSINESS
A . H A R T M A N
B y R E V . L L O Y
T h e question of the day of the week on which Jesus was crucified, and the exact length of time that He spent in Joseph’s tomb, is one that, in recent years, is discussed every Easter-time. A number of very sound, Bible-believing teachers are always found opposing the traditional date, arguing that the Good Friday tradition is wrong and that Jesus really died on Wednesday rather than on Friday. Does the Bible give a clear and definite answer to this question, or must we depend upon human arguments and take our choice between two conflicting human an swers, based upon conflicting interpretations of the Scrip tures? It is the purpose of the present article to show that the Bible does give the answer, an answer which may be proved from the Bible itself, interpreting Scripture by Scripture. Mark 15:42, Luke 23:54, and John 19:31 all agree in telling us that the day on which He died was “ the pre paration, that is, the day before the sabbath.” At first thought, that seems to be a conclusive answer to our question, for if the Jewish sabbath came on Saturday, the day before the sabbath must have been Friday. But those who deny that the crucifixion was on Friday point to John 19:14, where the phrase, “ preparation of the pass- over,” occurs. They argue that in this particular case the “ preparation” referred, not to the regular weekly sabbath, but to the special sabbath which marked the beginning of the passover feast, and which, they say, occurred that year on Thursday. In the absence of direct scriptural proof either way, we will not press the argu ment on this point, but will turn to a consideration of the passages which mention the time interval that He was in the grave. Matthew 16:21; 17:23; 20:19; Mark 9:31; 10:34; Luke 9:22; 18:33; 24:7, 46 and I Corinthians 15:4 (ten pas sages) all agree in telling us that the resurrection would occur, or did occur, “ the third day.” 'In Matthew 27:63 and Mark 8:31 the time is stated as “ after three days.” John tells us that He was speaking of the temple of His
body when He said in John 2:19, “ Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.” So we have the two expressions, “ the third day” and “ three days,” used at least thirteen times concerning the period His body was in the grave. The two expressions must be synonymous, since they are used interchangeably of the same interval, by the same writers. So we come to the question, “How long is three days?” This question is not so simple as it seems, for what we really mean is: “How long a time interval did the people of first-century Palestine actually have in mind when they used the expressions, ‘after three days,’ ‘the third day,’ ‘three days ago,’ etc.?” The traditional answer is that the Jews, in counting time by days, counted both ends, so the interval from Friday to Sunday would be counted as three days, although we would consider it only two days. Is there Scripture proof of this, or is it just someone’s idea? For the answer, we shall examine Leviticus 19:6, Luke 13:32, 33 and Acts 10. In Leviticus 10:6, we read: “ It shall be eaten the same day ye offer it, and on the morrow: and if ought remain until the third day, it shall be burnt with fire.” Here we have a clear indication that “ the third day” immediately followed “ the morrow.” In Leviticus 7:16, 17 we have a parallel passage, with a similar enumera tion of days. In Luke 13:32, 33, we have Jesus speaking as follows: “ And he said unto them, Go ye and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected. Neverthless I must walk to day, and to morrow, and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.” With out discussing the meaning of Jesus’ statement, we simply notice that we have two parallel enumerations of days, and the variation of the wording in the second enumera tion proves clearly that here again, as in Leviticus, “ the third day” immediately followed “ to morrow.” Now let us suppose that Jesus, on the way to the (continued on next page)
APRIL, 1960
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basis of this verse assume, and do not attempt to prove, that “ three days and three nights” must mean a seventy- two hour period, and can’t possibly mean any shorter period of time. Unless we assume that Jesus contradicted Himself, we must assume that to Jesus and His hearers the expres sion “ three days and three nights” was synonymous with the other expressions that He used in speaking of the same period. We also have an example in I Samuel 30: 12, 13 of “ three days and three nights” used synonymous ly with “ three days agone.” When we attempt to reconcile these various expres sions, and determine just how long a time is meant, we are forced to make one of two assumptions concerning the meaning of the phrase, “three days and three nights.” We may assume that Jesus’ hearers were accustomed to think mathematically exactly the same as we do, and that to them the phrase referred to a seventy-two hour period and nothing less—twelve hours for each of three days and twelve hours for each of three nights. Having made this assumption, we would conclude that “ three days” and “ the third day” also refer to a seventy-two hour period, since they are used synonymously by our Lord Himself. This is the assumption made by those who argue for a Wednesday crucifixion—an assumption for which no proof is offered, and which completely ignores the evidence already cited that “ three days” and “ the third day” refer to a shorter period. On the other hand, we may assume that Jesus’ hearers did not think mathematically, and that the expression “ three days and three nights” was- simply a common idiom, commonly used, possibly for emphasis, in speak ing of a period which they also spoke of by the phrases “ three days” and “ the third day.” Having made this assumption, we determine the actual length of the period, not by mathematical analysis of the phrase, “ three days and three nights,” but by other evidence, such as that given above, which leads us to conclude that the time was what we would call two days. There is no proof that the phrase “ three days and three nights” was not such a common idiom, used by Jesus with a meaning that was perfectly clear to His immediate hearers. Since we must make our choice between two assump tions, neither of which can be proved or disproved direct ly, why not choose the assumption that fits all the known facts and does not ignore any of the evidence— the as sumption that the phrase used in Matthew 12:40 was a common idiom, and that the length of time involved should be determined by other evidence, not by mathe matical analysis of that phrase? The remaining passage is Luke 24:21, where the two travelers to Emmaus say, “ To day is the third day since these things were done.” It is assumed, without proof, that the phrase “ the third day since” indicates that they started to count from the day after the previous event— that Sunday could not possibly be the third day since Friday. The expression in the Greek which is translated “ since” literally means “ from which.” Sunday could certainly be the third day from Friday, counting both ends as we have seen that they were accustomed to do. But there is no way of counting by which Sunday could be the “ third day since” Wednesday, so that this verse is really evidence against the idea of a Wednesday cruci fixion. The Bible does not contradict itself. When rightly understood, the various passages all point to Friday, the preparation day, the day before the sabbath, as the day on which “ Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures, and rose again the third day (the first day of the week) according to the scriptures.” I Corinthians 15: 3, 4. END
WHEN DID JESUS DIE? (concluded) cross, had said, “ I shall die today, and lie in the grave tomorrow, and the third day I shall rise again.” Would not every one of His hearers have understood Him to mean that He would rise the day after tomorrow? But that is exactly what He did say, except that He did not mention lying in the grave. Not on the way to the cross but on several previous occasions—and we have it re corded ten times in the Gospels -—He stated that He would rise the third day. Certainly every one of His hearers understood Him to mean that He would rise two days (as we count time) after His death, for to them “ the third day” meant the day after tomorrow. In Acts 10 we have the events of four successive days clearly separated. In verses 3 to 8 we read of Cornelius’ vision and the sending of three men to Joppa. For con venience, we will refer to this first day as Monday. The next day, Tuesday, we have the events recorded in verses 9 to 23a, Peter’s vision and the arrival of the messengers in Joppa. The latter part of verse 23 is the record of Wednesday, the beginning of the journey back to Caesarea. Verses 24 to 48 record the events of Thursday, the arrival, Cornelius’ welcome, Peter’s sermon, the con version of the Gentiles, etc. Each of the days indicated above is introduced by the phrase “ on the morrow” or “ the morrow after.” Now look at verse 30. In answer to Peter’s question why he was sent for, Cornelius replied, “ Four days ago I was fasting until this hour.” How long is it from three o’clock Monday afternoon (“ the ninth hour,” verse 3) to three o’clock Thursday afternoon? We would say it was three days, but Cornelius called it four days. Speak ing on Thursday of what happened on Monday, we would say “ three days ago,” but Cornelius said “ four days ago.” Surely this is convincing proof that the people of that day, when they counted a time interval by days, always counted both ends. Now let us apply this method of counting time to the time Jesus was in the grave. Those who deny that He died on Friday say that He was crucified on Wednesday and was buried about sunset, and rose on Saturday about sunset. From Wednesday to Saturday is exactly the same length of time as the period mentioned in Acts 10, which for convenience we called from Monday to Thursday. If that length of time was “ four days” in Acts, it would have been four days in the Gospels. He was not seen alive until Sunday, and from Wednesday to Sunday would be counted as five days. But the time that Jesus was in the grave was never referred to as four days or five days. The conclusion is inevitable that Jesus was not in the grave from Wednesday to Saturday or Sunday, in the light of first-century mathematics, the thirteen passages which tell of three days in the grave all demand that if the resurrection was on Sunday, as stated in Mark 16:9, the crucifixion and burial must have been on Friday. We should not overlook the fact that the Bible empha sizes, in Acts 2:25-31, quoting Psalm 16, that the body of Christ was not to see corruption. But the Jews clearly understood that corruption began the fourth day in the grave (John 11:39). When we put these two facts to gether, we see how unscriptural it is to argue that the body of Jesus was actually in the grave for a period which the Jews would have counted as four days or five days. Now let us look briefly at the two passages which bear the principal weight of the argument for an earlier cruci fixion. The first and most important of these is Matthew 12:40, which reads: “ For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale’s belly; so shall the Son of Man be three days and three night in the heart of the earth.” Those who argue for a Wednesday crucifixion on the
10
THE KING'S BUSINESS
Fire Razes College Structure
and I believe a janitor opened the front door and some windows to let the smoke clear out. Then all of a sudden the windows on the north side of the top floor blew out and almost immediately the whole building was engulfed in flames — whoosh, like that.” Dr. B. Joseph Martin, Taylor presi dent, said, “We’re only thankful that it wasn’t a dormitory and that no one was hurt.” He said that no other buildings were close enough to the burning structure to be in danger. “ I was almost finished with a book I was writing,” Dr. Martin reported, “ I had only one chapter left. It was written for young people. The only manu script was in my office.” Dr. Martin called an emergency meeting of col lege officials and faculty members and outlined plans to hold classes temporarily in the student recreation center, the dormitory lounges, and other available facilities. Built in 1893, the building was con structed of bricks made from clay found on the premises. Taylor was founded in 1846, in Fort Wayne, and was moved to Upland during the na tural gas boom in 1893. The construc tion of the Administration Building was financed by the president, Thad- deus C. Reade, through the sale of books which he authored, and by ex tensive lecturing. The college is named after Bishop William Taylor of the Methodist Church who laid the cornerstone of the historic building. The Alumni Board of Directors made plans to conduct an intensive alumni fund campaign by telephone to raise funds for a new building. Their campaign slogan is “Taylor’s Tower Shall Rise Again.”
*
f | ' he four-story administration build- Jl- ing at Taylor U n i v e r s i t y was turned into a raging inferno early Saturday, January 16, as flames roared through the 67 year old landmark. Firemen from nine communities could not save the brick structure which housed offices, classrooms, and the chemistry department. One Taylor official said replaceable value of the building would probably run at least three-fourths of a million dollars. It was the first major fire in the college’s 114 year history. A student night watchman discov ered the flames in a chemistry labora tory located on the ground floor about 4 a.m. Ironically, Upland volunteer firemen thought that they had put the fire out and were ready to pack up when suddenly balls of orange flame billowed out of the top floor windows with the effect of a blast furnace. Within minutes the building was .en veloped in sheets of flame. Gas masked firefighters fought the holocaust for five hours in 20 degree weather before it burned itself out. No one was in jured. Current financial records kept in fire-proof safes and files were found to be in tact. Prospective student files and alumni records, however, were de stroyed. F o r t u n a t e l y , microfilmed copies of the academic records of grad uates and former students were stored in fire-proof vaults in the college library. Fireman Louis Swartz of Upland, one of the first to arrive, said there was a small fire in a room on the ground floor. “ The smoke was so in tense that we had to put on our air masks before we could get into the room,” he said. “We put the fire out,
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Taylor University administration building tower
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11
APRIL, 1960
M Y RISEN LORD M y risen Lord, I feel Thy strong protection; I see Thee stand among the graves today; "I am the Way, the Life, the Resurrection/7 I,hear Thee say. And all the burdens I have carried sadly Grow light as blossoms on an April day: M y cross becomes a staff, I journey gladly This Easter day. — Author Unknown If Easter be not true, Then all the lilies low must lie; The Flanders poppies fade and die; The spring must lose her fairest bloom For Christ were still within the tomb— If Easter be not true. If Easter be not true, Then faith must mount on broken wing; Then hope no more immortal spring; Then hope must lose her mighty urge; Life prove a phantom, death a dirge, IF EASTER BE NOT TRUE
EASTER Sing, soul of mine, this day of days, The Lord is risen. Toward the sunrising set thy face, The Lord is risen. Behold, He giveth strength and grace; For darkness, light; for mourning, praise; For sin, His holiness; for conflict, peace. Arise, O soul, this Easter day! Forget the tomb of yesterday, For thou from bondage art set free;
THE CHASTISEMENT OF OUR PEACE W A S UPON H IM Darkly rose the guilty morning When, the King of Glory scorning, Raged the fierce Jerusalem: See the Christ, His cross uphearing, See Him stricken, meekly wearing The thorn-platted diadem. Not the crowd whose cries assailed Him, Not the hands that rudely nailed Him, Slew Him on the cursed tree; Ours the sin from heaven that called Him, Ours the sin whose burden galled Him In the sad Gethsemane. For our sins, of glory emptied, He was fasting, lone, and tempted, He was slain on Calvary; Yet He for His murderers pleaded, Lord, by us that prayer is needed; We have pierced, yet trust in Thee. In our our wealth and tribulation, By Thy precious cross and passion, By Thy blood and agony, By Thy glorious resurrection, By Thy Holy Ghost's protection, Make us Thine eternally. Easter day breaks! Christ rises! Mercy every way is infinite— Earth breaks up; time drops away; In flows Heaven with its new day Of endless life— What is left for us save in growth Of soul to rise up— From the gift looking to the giver, And from the cistern to the river, And from the finite to infinity, And from man's dust to God's divinity. — Robert Browning — Author Unknown REST REMAINETH
Thou sharest in His victory And life eternal is for thee, Because the Lord is risen.
— Author Unknown
FOR ME! Under an Eastern sky, Amid a rabble cry, A Man went forth to die, For me!
Thorn-crowned His blessed head, Blood-stained His every tread, Cross-laden on He sped, For me! Pierced glow His hands and feet, Three hours o'er Him did beat, Fierce rays of noon-tide heat, For me! Thus wert thou made all mine, Lord, make me wholly Thine, Give grace and strength divine, To me! In thought and word and deed, Thy will to do; my feet to lead Even though they bleed To Thee!
If Easter be not true. If Easter be not true,
'Twere foolishness the cross to bear; He died in vain who suffered there; What matter though we laugh or cry, Be good or evil, live or die,
If Easter be not true? If Easter is not true—
But it is true, and Christ is risen! And mortal spirit from its prison Of sin and death with Him may rise! Worthwhile the struggle, sure the prize, Since Easter, aye, is true! — Henry H. Barstow
— -Author Unknown
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THE KING'S BUSINESS
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