The English version of the pocket-size Oregon Maintenance Manual, PN MMANUAL-EN, Rev AB.
Oregon ® Maintenance and Safety Manual Saw chain, Guide Bar and Drive Sprocket
You’ve got work to do, we’ve got you covered. If you have questions about your saw or cutting system, our technical support team is ready to help. Oregon Products.com OregonProductsSupport@Blount.com 800-223-5168
Table of Contents
Chainsaw Safety & Tips Chainsaw Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–9 Kickback Awareness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ANSI Safety Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Recommended Personal Protective Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Create a Safe Work Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Body Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Safe Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Cutting Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10–11 Saw Chain Saw Chain Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14–15 Saw Chain Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16–38 Four Basic Saw Chain Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Cutter Maintenance Terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Filing Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Operation & Handling Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 How to Lubricate Your Saw Chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 How to Tension Your Saw Chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 How to Sharpen Cutters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 How to Set Depth Gauges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Square Filing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Filing Angles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Grinding Angles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 How to Install New Saw Chain Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 How to Break Out Rivets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 How to Break in a New Saw Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Saw Chain Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39–46 Saw Chain Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47–55 High-Performance Saw Chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56–78 PowerCut ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 SpeedCut ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 VersaCut ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 ControlCut ™ .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 DuraCut ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 RipCut ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Sculptor ™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Reliable Performance Saw Chain: AdvanceCut ™ . . . . . . . . . 80–82 Specialty: PowerSharp ™ Saw Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
1
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Table of Contents
Guide Bar Guide Bar Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Guide Bar Maintenance Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Guide Bar Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Replacing PowerCut ™ Guide Bar Noses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Replacing Pro-Lite® Nose Sprockets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Guide Bar Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94–98 Guide Bar Families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Choose the Right Guide Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Using the Guide Bar Number System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Guide Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104–117 Light-Weight Professional. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Occasional User. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Carving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Chainsaw Mounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–138 Drive Sprocket Drive Sprocket Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Drive Sprocket Maintenance Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Installing Drive Sprockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Basic Maintenance Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Drive Sprocket Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Quick Reference Filing Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Avoiding Kickback Injury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Four Basic Saw Chain Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
2
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety & Tips
Page - 3 -
Chainsaw Safety
Your chainsaw is only as good as your cutting system— saw chain, guide bar, and drive sprocket They function as a team while doing the actual work of cutting wood and therefore must be maintained as a complete system A properly maintained saw chain, guide bar, and drive sprocket will provide excellent cutting performance and prevent damage Equipment that has not been maintained will cut poorly and may create safety hazards This manual addresses the maintenance of only Oregon® manufactured saw chains, guide bars, and drive sprockets For information on maintenance and operation of your chainsaw, refer to your chainsaw’s operator’s manual or contact your local chainsaw dealer
Important Safety Message
Safety Symbol This safety symbol is used to highlight safety messages When you see this symbol, read and follow the safety message to avoid severe personal injury
4
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety
Kickback Awareness
Potential kickback situation
WARNING : All saw chain can kickback, which can lead to dangerous loss of control of the chainsaw and result in serious injury to the chainsaw operator or bystanders Follow all instructions in your chainsaw operator’s manual and in this booklet for proper use and maintenance of your chainsaw’s cutting chain, guide bar, and drive sprocket
Guard Against Chainsaw Kickback • Know your personal level of chainsaw experience. • Know your saw chain.
If you do not have experience and specialized training for dealing with chainsaw kickback, then Oregon® urges you to use only low
kickback saw chains What is Kickback?
Kickback is the violent backward and/or upward motion of the chainsaw guide bar occurring when the saw chain near the nose or tip of the guide bar contacts any object, such as another log or branch, or when the wood closes in and pinches the saw chain in the cut Avoiding Kickback Injury • Be alert at all times to guard against a possible kickback reaction. Always be aware of the position of your guide bar’s nose. • Different models of saw chain are available for most cutting tasks. Use the saw chain, suitable for your type of cutting, with the lowest kickback potential. • Narrow-nose guide bars such as our ControlCut ™ guide
5
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety
bars are recommended for maximum kickback safety. ANSI Safety Rating If you do not have experience and specialized training for dealing with chainsaw kickback, then we urge you to use only low- kickback saw chains which have this green* label: Part numbers of Oregon® saw chain that follow the ANSI low kickback standard (paragraph 5 11 2 4) are highlighted in green Packages of Oregon low kickback saw chain carry this authorized UL® Classification Marking:
LOW KICKBACK SAW CHAIN IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012, PARAGRAPH 5.11.2.4 AND WITH CSA Z62.3 This saw chain met the kickback performance
requirements of ANSI‑B175 1-2012 when tested according to the provisions of ANSI B175 1-2012 Low-kickback saw chain meets the kickback performance requirements of CSA Standard Z62 3
Part Numbers by Gauge 043" 050"
Chain Pitch
058"
063"
.325 Low Profile
80TXL
—
— —
91P 91PS 91PX 91PXL
90PX 90SG
3/8 Low Profile
— —
— 20BPX 22BPX — M20BPX M21BPX M22BPX — 95VPX — — 21BPX
.325
3/8
— 72V
73V
75V
*Some older Oregon packaging may have low-kickback saw chain identified with a blue label. Part numbers printed in red have been obsoleted. Contact your authorized Oregon distributor for availability.
6
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety
Part number of Oregon® chains that do not meet ANSI low kickback performance requirements are highlighted in yellow The chains below should be used only by those with experience and specialized training for dealing with kickback
Chain Pitch
Part Numbers by Gauge 050" 058"
063"
25AP 25A 25F
—
—
1/4
91VXL M91VXL 20LPX 20LGX M20LPX 95TXL
—
—
3/8 Low Profile
21LPX 21LGX M21LPX
22LPX 22LGX M22LPX
.325
72APX 72DPX 72LGX 72JGX 72LPX 72JPX
73DPX 73JGX 73LGX 73LPX
75DPX 75JGX 75LGX 75LPX
3/8
M73DPX M73LPX 73RD
M75DPX M75LPX 75RD
M72DPX M72LPX 72RD
73EXL 73EXJ
75CJ 75CK 75CL
72CJ 72CK 72CL
75EXL 75EXJ
72EXL 72EXJ
—
58L
27X 27AX
.404
59J 59L
68LX 68JX 27R 27RA 68CL 68CJ
7
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety
Recommended Personal Protective Equipment
HEAD
• Hard hat • Safety goggles/ glasses • Ear plugs/muffs
HANDS Gloves add grip and general protection.
LEGS Chainsaw pants or chaps protect against saw strikes.
FEET Safety boots and gaiters protect against saw strikes and add support on unstable terrain.
Dress Properly: Avoid clothing that is too tight or too loose
8
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Chainsaw Safety
Create a Safe Work Space Caution • Plan a clear escape route away from cutting zone. • Scan worksite hazards: Check for limbs, power lines, dead trees, etc. • Calculate how the object being cut will fall. • Determine if the chainsaw may be thrown unexpectedly by the movement of the cut material. Body Positioning • If possible, position yourself away from the natural lead of the tree to avoid injury. • Never cut above shoulder level. • Never cut while in a tree or while on a ladder. • Use only a right-hand grip to hold your chainsaw (right hand on the trigger, left hand on the front handle). • Keep your left arm straight for better control. • Hold chainsaw firmly with both hands. Keep thumb firmly wrapped around front handle. • Stand to the side of the chainsaw, never behind it. • Stand with feet well braced and your body balanced. • Keep others a minimum of two tree lengths away from the cutting area. • Do not allow others to hold wood during cutting. Saw Operation • Run engine at full throttle. • Use low-kickback saw chain and a reduced- kickback guide bar whenever possible. • Keep the chainsaw, saw chain, guide bar and drive sprocket properly maintained. • Cut only wood with your chainsaw. Do not cut any other material.
9
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Cutting Tips
Tension Keep your saw chain correctly tensioned Check and adjust often
Cutters Keep cutters sharp Touch up the cutting edge with a file every hour, more often if needed Do not force dull saw chain to cut
Depth Gauges Check and adjust your cutter’s depth gauges every 3 – 4 sharpenings or more often as needed
Guide Bar Keep the guide bar groove clean and the oil hole open Turn symmetrical* guide bars over to equalize rail wear *Do not turn Guard Tip® guide bars over
Drive Sprocket Replace the drive sprocket after every two saw chains, or sooner
Cutting in Cold Weather Cutting frozen wood will cause rapid wear and possible breakage around the rear rivet hole of cutters Follow the steps below to keep cold-weather wear to a minimum
0° C -32° F
Oil in Cold Weather Dilute guide bar chain oil 25 percent with clean kerosene or diesel oil Use twice as much of this diluted oil during operation, and be certain your saw chain is receiving oil from the chainsaw
10
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Cutting Tips
Best Practices 1. Saw chain is made to cut only one thing: wood. Do not use saw chain to cut other materials. 2. Never let your saw chain contact rocks or dirt during operation. Dirt may seem soft. In fact, dirt is extremely abrasive and will wear away your saw chain’s vital chrome plating in less than a second. 3. Never force dull saw chain to cut. When it is sharp, saw chain is designed to feed itself into the wood, and needs only light pressure to cut efficiently. 4. Cutting efficiency may be determined by the type of sawdust your chainsaw is producing. Dull saw chain produces fine wood dust, which can clog your chainsaw’s air filter. Sharp saw chain produces larger wood chips.
11
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain
Page - 13 -
Saw Chain Terms
Parts of a Saw Chain
Left-hand cutter
Rivet
Drive link
Right-hand cutter
Depth gauge
Tie-strap
Saw Chain Pitch Saw chain pitch is the distance between any three consecutive rivets, divided by two Oregon® saw chain pitches are: 1/4"
325" Low Profile 3/8" Low Profile 325" 3/8" 404"
OREGON
OREGON
Saw Chain Gauge Saw chain gauge is the drive link’s thickness where it fits into the guide bar groove The industry standard for saw chain gauges are:
043" (1 1 mm) 050" (1 3 mm) 058" (1 5 mm) 063" (1 6 mm)
Kickback-Reducing Features Bumper Drive Link Ramped Depth Gauge
Wide-Track Depth Gauge
14
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Terms
Parts of a Cutter
Working (cutting) corner
Top plate
Side plate
Gullet
Rivet hole
Depth gauge
Heel
Toe
How a Cutter Works Understanding how cutters work can help you see why proper saw chain maintenance is so important
1. The depth gauge rides on the wood and controls the depth at which the working corner bites in. 2. The working corner and side plate sever the wood fibers across the grain. This is the hardest part of the work. 3. The top plate cutting angle chisels out the severed wood fibers, lifting them up and out of the kerf.
Saw Chain Cutter Sequence Terms
Standard
Semi-skip
Skip
15
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Four Basic Saw Chain Rules Oregon® urges you to become familiar with the four basic saw chain rules Users who know and follow these rules can count on superior performance from their saw chain, guide bar, and drive sprocket — and reduce safety hazards at the same time Rule Number 1 Your saw chain must be correctly tensioned More saw chain and guide bar problems are caused by incorrect
saw chain tension than by any other single factor • See "How to Tension your Saw Chain" on page 22.
Rule Number 2 Your saw chain must be well lubricated
A constant supply of oil to your chainsaw’s guide bar, saw chain and drive sprocket is vital Without it, excessive friction, wear, and damage will occur
• See "How to Lubricate your Saw Chain" on page 21
16
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Rule Number 3 Your saw chain must be sharp
When your saw chain is sharp, it does the work When it’s not, you do the work — and your guide bar and drive sprocket will wear more rapidly • See "How to Sharpen Cutters" on page 23.
• See "Filing Angles" on page 30 to find specifications for Oregon saw chain type.
Rule Number 4 Your saw chain’s depth gauges must be set correctly Depth gauge setting and depth gauge shape are critical to performance and safety • See "How to Set Depth Gauges" on page 25.
17
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Cutter Maintenance Terminology
Filing
Grinding
Top-Plate Angle
Down Angle
Side-Plate Angle
Depth Gauge Setting
18
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Filing Tools Assembled Filing Guide
Round File
Flat File
File Handle
Sharpening Kit
Guide Bar-mounted Filing Guide
Filing Vise
Depth Gauge Tool
Grinders
Bench-model Chain Grinder
Mini Grinder
Sure Sharp® 12-Volt Grinder
Grinding Wheels
Saw Chain Repair Tools Saw Chain Breaker Rivet Spinner
Pocket Saw Chain Breaker
19
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Operation & Handling Care ATTENTION: DEALERS, CHAINSAW USERS, AND ANYONE WHO SERVICES SAW CHAIN. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION. Oregon ® urges you to become familiar with proper saw chain maintenance techniques, and the possible dangers which can result if saw chain is not properly maintained WARNING : Failure to follow the instructions below can result in severe injury to the chainsaw operator, bystanders, or the person performing maintenance Always turn off your chainsaw before performing any type of maintenance Any one of the following conditions can increase a saw chain’s potential kickback energy, increase the risk of a saw chain throwing itself off the guide bar, or increase the risk of other hazards associated with chainsaw use
1. Incorrect sharpening of angles. 2. Dull cutter teeth. 3. Alteration of kickback-reducing features.
4. Excessive depth gauge settings. 5. Incorrect depth gauge shapes.
6. Loose saw chain tension. 7. Incorrectly installed parts. 8. Loose rivets, cracks or breaks in any saw chain component.
20
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Lubricate your Saw Chain 1. Keep your chainsaw’s saw chain oiling system filled with clean guide bar-and-saw chain oil. 2. Never put used oil or old motor oil in your chainsaw or on your saw chain. These oils have acids and grit that will shorten the life of your cutting system. 3. Be sure your saw chain, guide bar, and drive sprocket are always receiving oil from the chainsaw during operation. 4. Fill your oil reservoir each time you fill your chainsaw’s gas tank.
How to Tension your Saw Chain with Intenz ®
WARNING : Always wear protective gloves Read operation and handling warnings on previous page
1. Turn the engine off. 2. Loosen the guide bar mounting nuts on the side of the chainsaw. 3. Insert a screwdriver or Scrench in the Intenz ® slot of the guide bar. 4. Turn the screwdriver or
Scrench to move the guide bar forward, away from the chainsaw as far as possible.
PATENT (BREVET) #6,061,915
5. Tighten the back guide bar mounting nut, then tighten the front nut.
21
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Tension your Saw Chain (without Intenz ® )
WARNING : Always wear protective gloves Read "Operation & Handling Care" on page 20
1. Turn the engine off.
Note: Never tension your saw chain right after cutting when the saw chain has expanded in length
from the heat. Saw chain tensioned while hot will contract when it cools, and can damage your guide bar and saw chain. ONLY TENSION SAW CHAIN WHEN THE SAW CHAIN HAS COOLED. 2. Loosen guide bar mounting nuts on the side of your chainsaw. 3. Pull the guide bar nose up, and keep it up as you adjust tension.
4. Adjust tension as follows:
For Solid-Nose Guide Bars Turn your chainsaw’s tension-adjustment screw until the bottoms of the lowest tie-straps and cutters come up and just touch the bottom of the guide bar rail.
For Sprocket-Nose Guide Bar Tension must be tighter than on a solid-nose guide bar. Turn your chainsaw’s tension adjustment screw until the bottoms of the lowest tie-straps and cutters come up and solidly contact the bottom of the guide bar rail.
22
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
5. With either type of guide bar, hold the nose up and tighten your chainsaw’s rear guide bar mounting nut first, then tighten the front nut.
6. Pull the saw chain by hand along the top of the guide bar several times, from the engine to the guide bar’s tip. Saw chain should feel snug but still pull freely.
Note: If you have a sprocket-nose guide bar you should now perform the snap test. Grasp the saw chain along the bottom of the guide bar, pull down, and let go. Saw chain should snap back to its original position, solidly contacting the bottom of the guide bar.
7. Check tension often during operation, especially during the first half-hour. If saw chain loosens: stop, let your chainsaw cool, and readjust tension.
How to Sharpen Cutters
Read "Operation & Handling Care" on page 20
Note: • On-chainsaw sharpening requires proper saw chain tension. • See "Filing Angles" on page 30 for the correct maintenance specifications for each Oregon saw chain. • To find your Oregon saw chain type, use the "Saw Chain Drive Link Number Identification" on page 48 • If unsure of your saw chain’s type, part number or filing specification, ask your Oregon saw chain dealer. • Check and adjust depth gauges.
23
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Round-File Cutter Sharpening 1. Be sure 1/5th, or 20%,
60
= 1/5th or 20% above top plate
of the file’s diameter is always held above the cutter’s top plate. Using the correct file guide is the easiest way to hold the file in this position. 2. Keep the correct Top-Plate Filing Angle line on your file guide parallel with your saw chain.
Direction of stroke
File holder
3. Sharpen cutters on one side of the saw chain first. File from the inside of each cutter to the outside. Then turn your chainsaw around and repeat the process for cutters on the other side of the saw chain.
outside
inside
4. If damage is present on the chrome surface of top plates or side plates, file back until such damage is removed. 5. Keep all cutter lengths equal.
A=B
B
A
OREGON
OREGON
6. Recheck depth gauges. If resetting of the depth gauges is necessary. See "How to Set Depth Gauges" on page 25. Note: Do not file or alter the tops of kickback-reducing bumper tie-straps or bumper drive links.
24
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Set Depth Gauges
Read "Operation & Handling Care" on page 20
Note: • On-chainsaw depth gauge setting requires proper saw chain tension ("How to Tension your Saw Chain" on page 22) prior to filing.
• "Filing Angles" on page 30 (column D) shows the correct depth gauge setting for each of the different saw chain types. • To find your Oregon ® saw chain type, use the Saw Chain Identification Chart on pages 47–55. • If unsure of your saw chain’s type or part number, ask your Oregon saw chain dealer. • Most Oregon saw chains have
a number stamped on each depth gauge indicating the correct depth gauge setting.
Example: 025" .025" (0.64 mm) Depth Gauge Setting
1. Use a depth gauge tool with the correct built-in setting for your saw chain and check your depth gauges every three or four sharpenings. 2. Place the tool on top of your saw chain so one depth gauge protrudes through the slot in the tool. 3. If the depth gauge extends above the slot, file the depth gauge down level with the top of the tool using a flat file. Never file the depth gauge down enough to exceed the depth gauge setting specified in this manual for your Oregon saw chain.
25
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Note: Do not file or alter the tops of kickback-reducing bumper tie-straps or bumper drive links.
4. File from the inside of the round ground saw chain cutters to the outside. (For square ground saw chain, file from the outside of the cutter to the inside.)
outside
inside
5. After lowering, always file off the front corner of each depth gauge parallel to its original rounded or ramped shape. •
Wide track bent over depth gauge is only filed from top down No reshaping is necessary
Note: On many saw chains, it may be helpful to tip the depth gauge tool on end and place it in front of the working corner in order to protect the cutting surfaces when reshaping depth gauges.
26
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Square Filing Who Should Perform Square Filing?
Most chainsaw users will probably never need to use square saw chain, nor learn to perform square filing But in areas where the timber is larger and the guide bars used are longer, the performance advantages of square saw chain can outweigh the fact that square filing is more difficult and much less forgiving of filing errors File Positioning The file will sharpen the top plate, and the side plate, simultaneously This creates a line, (A), where the top-plate cutting angle meets the side-plate angle For best results, file so that the line intersects the cutting corner (B)
A
B
Correctly Filed Corner
Incorrect TOO HIGH
Incorrect TOO LOW
To properly sharpen the cutter, use the correct filing position, as shown here from three different points of view:
45˚
45˚
Side View
End View
Top View
27
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
File Direction We recommend that square saw chain be filed from the outside in (in a downward direction) This leaves a better edge on the chromed cutting surfaces and makes it easier to
keep the file’s position, and the resulting cutting edges, in correct alignment as shown in the preceding File Positioning section However, filing from the outside in will wear out your file faster Some square saw chain users may prefer to file from the inside out (in an upward direction) You should be aware that inside-out filing is much more difficult But whichever direction you choose, be sure your file and your cutting edges stay positioned as shown in the preceding File Positioning section File all cutters on one side of the saw chain, then reverse the saw chain and repeat the process Use the same file positions for cutters on the opposite side of the saw chain Tools Only use files specially designed for square chisel cutters, available from your chainsaw dealer
Double Bevel
Hexagon
“Goofy”
28
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Gullet Filing Approximately every fifth sharpening, clean out gullets by filing them back with a 7/32" round file File gullets from the inside out (the side opposite from sharpening) Always leave a 1/8" shelf behind the gullet
1/8" shelf
Before After If not cleaned out regularly, the outer edge of your gullets will eventually prevent the working corners of your cutters from getting an adequate bite into the wood
Wrong Little or no clearance between the working corner and the gullet’s outer edge
Right Clearance is maintained between the working corner and the gullet’s outer edge
Depth Gauge Setting
025"
NOTE: The depth gauge setting for all square-ground chisel saw chain is .025".
29
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Filing Angles
File Diameter
Note: When using the Oregon® file guide, always hold the file perpendicular to the center line of the chain.
30
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
1/4"
25AP
30º 10º 85º 025" 5/32"
.325" Low Profile ™ 3/8" Low Profile ™
80TXL
25º 10º 70º 025" 5/32"
90PX, 90SG
4 5 mm
30º 0º 75º 025"
91P, 91PX, 91PXL 91VXL, M91VXL
30º 0º 80º 025" 5/32" 30º 0º 80º 025" 5/32" 30º 10º 70º 025" 3/16"
.325" 95VPX
20, 21, 22BPX, M20, M21, M22BPX
30º 10º 70º 025" 3/16"
95TXL
30º 10º 70º 025" 3/16"
20, 21, 22LPX, LGX, M20 , M21 , M22LPX
25º 10º 60º 025" 3/16"
3/8"
72, 73, 75V
25º 10º 60º 025" 7/32"
72, 75CJ, CK, CL
45º 45º 90º 025"
⍟
72APX, 72, 73, 75DPX, M72, M73, M75DPX 72, 73, 75EXL, EXJ, LGX, JGX , LPX, JPX M72 , M73 , M75LPX
30º 10º 80º 025" 7/32"
25º 10º 60º 025" 7/32"
25º 10º 60º 025" 7/32" 10º 10º 75º 025" 7/32" 30º 10º 65º 030" 7/32" 10º 10º 75º 030" 7/32"
72, 73, 75RD
.404" 27X, 27AX
27R, RX, RA
58CJ, CL, 59CJ, CK, CL
45º 45º 85º 025"
⍟
58, 59J, L 68LX, JX 68CJ, CL
25º 10º 60º 025" 7/32" 25º 10º 60º 030" 7/32"
45º 45º — 030"
⍟
⍟ Square-Ground Filing: A 15° cutting edge is the result when the file is held at 45° top-plate angle and 45° down angle
Chains in red indicate items that are scheduled to be discontinued
31
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Grinding Angles
Wheel Thickness
32
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
1/4"
25AP
30º 10º 55º .025" 1/8"
.325" Low Profile ™ 3/8" Low Profile ™
80TXL
25º 10º 70º .025" 1/8"
90PX, 90SG 30º 0º 55º .025" 1/8" 91P, 91PX, 91PXL 30º 0º 55º .025" 1/8" 91VXL, M91VXL 30º 0º 55º .025" 1/8"
.325" 95VPX
30º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
20, 21, 22BPX, M20, M21, M22BPX
30º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
95TXL
30º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
20, 21, 22LPX, LGX, M20 , M21 , M22LPX
25º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
3/8"
72, 73, 75V
25º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
72, 75CJ, CK, CL 72APX, 72, 73, 75DPX, M72, M73, M75DPX
15º 45º – .025"
–
30º 10º 55º .025" 3/16"
72, 73, 75EXL, EXJ, LGX, JGX , LPX, JPX 25º 10º 55º .025" 3/16" M72 , M73 , M75LPX 25º 10º 55º .025" 3/16" 72, 73, 75RD 10º 10º 50º .025" 3/16"
.404" 27X, 27AX
30º 10º 55º .030" 3/16" 10º 10º 50º .030" 3/16"
27R, RX, RA
58CJ, CL, 59CJ, CK, CL
15º 45º – .025"
–
58, 59J, L 68LX, JX 68CJ, CL
25º 10º 55º .025" 3/16" 25º 10º 55º .030" 3/16"
15º 45º – .030"
–
Chains in red indicate items that are scheduled to be discontinued
33
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Install New Saw Chain Parts
Read "Operation & Handling Care" on page 20 Note: Use only Oregon® parts to repair Oregon saw chain, and only use parts which are the correct size and type for your saw chain. 1. Remove rivets, and parts to be replaced, as shown under "How to Break Out Rivets" on page 36. Never reassemble a saw chain with old preset tie- straps — always use new preset tie-straps. 2. If needed, file off bottom of new parts to match existing worn parts. File new cutters back to match
worn cutters. Do not file the tops of kickback- reducing bumper tie-straps or bumper drive links.
OREGON
OREGON
OREGON
OREGON
3. Place the preset tie-strap on a flat outer surface of a saw chain breaker anvil. Be sure the rivets are pointing up.
34
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
4. Assemble saw chain to the preset tie-strap.
5. Assemble tie-strap with brandmark, dot face up, and the notch toward the drive link tangs. Assemble bumper tie-strap in the correct direction, with the notch toward the drive link tangs.
6. Be sure parts are assembled in the correct location, sequence and direction. Check "Parts of a Saw Chain" on page 14. If unsure, ask your Oregon® dealer. 7. To form rivet heads, use an Oregon rivet spinner. Follow the instructions packaged with the rivet spinner.
WARNING : Rivet heads must be snug and secure while still allowing all joined parts to move freely Rapid wear leading to possible saw chain breakage and personal injury can be caused by rivet heads that are either too tight or too loose Note: New rivet heads may be smaller and shaped differently than factory-spun heads.
35
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Break Out Rivets
WARNING : Always wear approved safety accessories for hands and face when breaking out rivets
1. Select proper anvil slot number on saw chain breaker anvil which matches the drive link number on the saw chain to be broken (see "Saw Chain Drive Link Number Identification" on page 48). 2. Insert saw chain portion for breaking into the proper slot of the saw chain anvil and push saw chain forward until bottom tie-strap is flush with the far side of slot. (Drive link is then supported on both sides of slot.)
3/8
25
72
3. Position rivet head directly under punch. Pull handle down if using a bench saw chain breaker, or hammer out rivet if using a handheld punch. Do not use excessive force. Note: Important — when breaking saw chain at cutter, make sure cutter is in the top position.
36
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
Removing Rivets from Broken Drive Links 1. When removing rivets from broken drive links, hold the two broken segments together in their original (unbroken) positions as you tighten the saw chain link in the adjustable anvil. •
2. See steps 1 – 3 from “How to Break Out Rivets” on the previous page.
Saw Chain Drive Link Number Chart
Anvil Slot Number Drive Link Number
3/8" Low Profile™ 3/8"
325" Low Profile™
325"
404"
1/4
25
80
95
90
72 27
20
91
73 58
21
75 59
22
68
37
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Maintenance
How to Break in a New Saw Chain The life of your new saw chain can be extended by taking these few simple steps before using it 1. Oil your saw chain prior to use.
2. Never run any saw chain on a worn drive sprocket rim or spur system, especially a new saw chain. Replace your rim or spur system after every two saw chains, or sooner. •
or
3. Run new saw chain at half throttle for several minutes before doing any cutting in order to allow oil to reach all parts of the guide bar and saw chain. Allow the chainsaw and the cutting system to warm up fully. Also recommended: Dipping the saw chain in guide bar oil or drizzling oil down the length of the saw chain on the guide before running it. This gives the saw chain maximum lubrication at the bearing surfaces and rivets. 4. Stop, check saw chain tension, let saw chain cool, and adjust tension often during operation, as shown on "How to Tension your Saw Chain" on page 22 5. Keep the first several cuts light. Keep extra oil on the cutting system during these first cuts, and do not apply heavy pressure.
38
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
Most Saw Chain Problems are Caused by Four Things: 1. Incorrect saw chain tension 2. Incorrect filing 3. Lack of lubrication
4. Cutting any material other than wood.
Here are the things you should look for, and the corrective actions you should take:
Problem: Cuts Slow/Rough or Won’t Hold Edge Look closely at your saw chain’s cutters and compare them to the following illustrations
1. Light abrasive damage on side plates. Cause: Cutters came in contact with light abrasive materials Symptoms: Very slow cutting Remedy: File cutters back until all damage is removed 2. Severe abrasive damage on side and/or top-plates. Cause: Cutters hit or cut material other than wood, such as rock, dirt, or sand This type of damage typically occurs when cutting close to the ground Symptoms: Saw chain won’t cut or cuts crookedly if the damage is to one side of saw chain Possible guide bar rail damage Remedy: File cutters back until all damage is removed 3. Too much top-plate filing angle. Cause: Excessive top-plate angle while filing or grinding Symptoms: Cutting angle is very sharp, but dulls fast Cutting action rough and erratic Remedy: Resharpen cutters while holding the file at the correct top-plate filing angle for the saw chain Be sure the file guide is stamped with the saw chain’s correct top-plate angle 20˚
50˚
39
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
4. Too little top-plate filing angle. Cause: Filed or ground at less than the recommended angle Symptoms: Slow cutting Requires extra effort to cut Possible binding in cut Remedy: Resharpen cutters while holding the file at the correct top-plate filing angle for the saw chain Be sure the file guide is stamped with the saw chain’s correct top-plate angle 5. Too much top-plate cutting angle. Cause: File held too low or file is too small Grinders: Saw chain ground at the wrong top- plate cutting angle or using an incorrectly-sized grinding wheel Symptom: Poor stay-sharp Rapid dulling Cuts fast for a short time, then dulls Remedy: Resharpen cutters with the correct file in the right size, held in the correct position Use correct file guide 6. Too little top-plate cutting angle. Cause: File held too high or file is too large Grinders: Saw chain ground at the wrong top plate cutting angle or an incorrectly sized grinding wheel Symptoms: Slow cutting Premature wear to saw chain and guide bar rails Remedy: Resharpen cutters using the correct file guide that is the right size and in the correct position 7. Too much hook in the side plate. Cause: File held too low or the file is too small Grinders: Saw chain ground at the wrong top- plate cutting angle, grinding wheel is too small or is grinding too deep into the body of cutter Symptoms: Rough cutting Saw chain grabs Cutters dull quickly or won’t hold cutting edge Top plate breakage and/or saw chain stretch Remedy: Resharpen cutters using the correct file in the right size held in the correct position
20˚
40
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
8. Backslope on the side plate. Cause: File held too high or the file is too large Grinders: Saw chain ground at the wrong top- plate cutting angle, grinding wheel is too large, or the grinding wheel is not grinding deep enough into the body of cutter Symptoms: Slow cutting Premature wear to saw chain and guide bar rails Remedy: Resharpen cutters using the correct file guide in the right size held in the correct position 9. Low depth gauges. Cause: Too much depth gauge removed; depth gauge damaged in use Symptoms: Rough cutting Saw chain grabs Excessive wear to the heel of cutters, opposing tie-straps, guide bar rails Top-plate breakage and/or saw chain stretch Remedy: In most cases, cutters cannot be filed back enough to correct for depth gauges that are too low Replace the saw chain 10. High depth gauges. Cause: Depth gauge never lowered Symptoms: Slow cutting Excessive wear to the saw chain and guide bar rails Remedy: File depth gauges down to their correct height
NOTE: Refer to "How to Sharpen Cutters" on page 23 when performing the remedies above.
41
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
Problem: Cutters & Tie-Straps Wear Heavily or Break
11. Excessive heel wear on cutters and opposite tie-straps; cracks under rear rivet holes. Cause: Forcing dull saw chain to cut Low depth gauge settings Lack of lubrication Loose saw chain tension Symptoms: Excessive heel wear on cutters Saw chain breakage Excessive saw chain stretch Remedy: Replace worn or cracked cutters and/or tie-straps NOTE: One or more of the following may be required to prevent future wear and / or cracks: (1) Refile cutters using the correct angles. (2) Keep more lubrication on the saw chain and guide bar. (3) Reduce the amount of depth gauge setting (may require replacement of the saw chain). (4) Do not force dull saw chain to cut. (5) Do not force saw chain through frozen wood. (6) Keep cutters sharp. (7) Always maintain proper tension. 12. Tie-straps or cutters, broken in the center. Cause: Incorrect field assembly of saw chain components Symptoms: Broken tie-straps or cutters Remedy: Replace broken components 13. Bottoms of tie-straps and cutters worn out of square. Cause : Worn guide bar rails Symptoms: Bottoms of tie-straps and cutters worn out of square Remedy: Dress the tops of the guide bar’s rails square If wear is minor, file the bottoms of tie-straps and cutters square If wear is extensive, replace the saw chain
42
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
Problem: Drive Links Wear Heavily or Break
14. Straight or concave bottoms. Cause: Straight bottoms are due to shallow guide bar body groove Concave bottoms are due to shallow guide bar nose groove Symptoms: Drive link tangs worn straight or concave Drive links can’t clean guide bar groove Tendency to throw saw chain from guide bar Remedy: Replace guide bar, drive sprocket, or both Sharpen drive link tangs, as shown in the "Sharpening Drive Link Tangs" on page 44, if possible If not, replace the saw chain 15. Battered and broken bottoms. Cause: Worn or broken drive sprocket Loose saw chain tension or saw chain jumping from guide bar groove Results in damage from revolving drive sprocket Symptoms: Drive links are burred or nicked Drive links may not fit in guide bar groove Drive links can’t clean the guide bar groove Remedy: Maintain proper tension to prevent saw chain from climbing out of spur drive sprocket Replace drive links or replace entire saw chain if many drive links are damaged 16. Peening in front or back. Cause: Worn drive sprocket Pin sprocket systems are known to concentrate load to the back of drive link, causing premature wear Symptoms: Change in drive link shape Tight joints in the saw chain Saw chain stretch Shortened saw chain life Remedy: Replace the drive sprocket and/ or pins Replace saw chain Do not attempt to run a new saw chain on an old drive sprocket, or an old saw chain on a new drive sprocket
43
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
17. Drive link tang turned up. Cause: Worn drive sprocket
Symptoms: Drive link tangs hit the bottom Remedy: Replace drive sprocket Sharpen drive link tangs as shown in the illustration below, if possible If not, replace the saw chain 18. Sides worn round or thin at bottoms. Cause: Guide bar rails have spread, or one rail has worn low, allowing saw chain to lean over Symptoms: Saw chain cuts crookedly Accelerated guide bar rail and saw chain wear Remedy: Have guide bar rails serviced by a dealer, otherwise replace guide bar Replace saw chain if wear is extensive or if problem persists NOTE: Also check bottoms of tie-straps and tops of guide bar rails for damage.
Sharpening Drive Link Tangs
Pointed drive link tangs help remove chips and debris from your guide bar groove Sharpen damaged tangs back to their original shape with a round file
44
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
Problem: Saw Chain Has Tight Joints
19. Peening on bottom or front of cutters and tie-straps. Cause: Improper saw chain tension or a worn out drive sprocket Symptoms: Saw chain stretch or saw chain breakage Remedy: Saw chain with tight joints cannot be repaired Replace the saw chain and maintain proper tension Replace the rim drive sprocket if worn 20. Peening in notches of cutters and tie-straps. Cause: Worn spur drive sprocket Symptoms: Saw chain stretch or saw chain breakage Remedy: Replace the spur drive sprocket Replace the saw chain Always maintain proper tension and do not run saw chain on a worn drive sprocket
45
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Troubleshooting
Problem: Cuts Crooked / Leans to One Side / Cuts Unevenly
21. Damage to cutters on one side of saw chain. Cause: Cutters on one side of saw chain are damaged by hitting the saw box or the ground/debris Symptoms: Guide bar and saw chain bind in the cut Could result in guide bar and saw chain breakage when removing the guide bar from tree Uneven guide bar rail wear Remedy: File cutters back enough to remove all damage Square up guide bar rails if uneven
22. Different cutter top-plate lengths Cause: Inconsistent sharpening
Symptoms: Guide bar and saw chain bind in the cut Could result in guide bar and saw chain breakage when removing the guide bar from tree Uneven guide bar rail wear Remedy: File cutters back to even cutter top-plate lengths Square up guide bar rails if uneven
46
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Identification
Oregon® Families To help easily identify our tiers of products, packaging is differentiated by color Product within families meeting the needs of occasional users will be indicated by gray packaging Product families targeted at demanding professional users will be indicated by black packaging PowerCut™
ControlCut™ Ideal for property owners and professionals looking for additional control, delivering a smooth cut every single time Easy to maintain, with a forgiving sharpening profile DuraCut™ Made for woodcutters working in abrasive and tough environments Advanced plating process with extra layers of chrome Cut up to three times longer than conventional saw chain RipCut™ Created specifically for chain- type sawmills Produces smooth ripping cuts with supreme efficiency to make precise boards and planks AdvanceCut™ Perfect for homeowners cutting trees on their property and for tree-cutting professionals who only need to occasionally cut wood User-friendly because of the low kickback design
The ultimate saw chain for loggers and skilled forest workers Full chisel cutters power through timber with speed, efficiency, and precision SpeedCut™ Faster, cutting performance for wood-cutting professionals and experienced homeowners alike Narrow kerf system requires less power to cut through high volumes of wood quickly and easily VersaCut™ Designed for tree-cutting professionals who require high performance from their saw chain Uses cutters designed for maximum durability and versatility
47
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Saw Chain Identification
Saw Chain Drive Link Number Identification Nearly all Oregon® saw chains are named by a part number made up of a number (see below), followed by one, two or three letters (see next page) Part number Examples: 72LPX, 91PX The Numbers: 72 LPX, 91 PX The numbers are stamped on the saw chain’s drive links and indicate the physical size of the saw chain (pitch and gauge)
72 72 72 Chain Number
Gauge
Pitch
in
mm
25
1/4"
050"
1 3
325" Low Profile ™ 3/8" Low Profile ™ 3/8" Low Profile ™
80
043"
1 1
90
043"
1 1
91
050"
1 3
325"
050"
1 3
20
325"
050"
1 3
95
21
325"
058"
1 5
22
325"
063"
1 6
72
3/8"
050"
1 3
73
3/8"
058"
1 5
75
3/8"
063"
1 6
26, 58
404" 404"
058" 063"
1 5 1 6
27, 59, 68
48
Safety & Maintenance Manual
Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56 Page 57 Page 58 Page 59 Page 60 Page 61 Page 62 Page 63 Page 64 Page 65 Page 66 Page 67 Page 68 Page 69 Page 70 Page 71 Page 72 Page 73 Page 74 Page 75 Page 76 Page 77 Page 78 Page 79 Page 80 Page 81 Page 82 Page 83 Page 84 Page 85 Page 86 Page 87 Page 88 Page 89 Page 90 Page 91 Page 92 Page 93 Page 94 Page 95 Page 96 Page 97 Page 98 Page 99 Page 100 Page 101 Page 102 Page 103 Page 104 Page 105 Page 106 Page 107 Page 108 Page 109 Page 110 Page 111 Page 112 Page 113 Page 114 Page 115 Page 116 Page 117 Page 118 Page 119 Page 120 Page 121 Page 122 Page 123 Page 124 Page 125 Page 126 Page 127 Page 128 Page 129 Page 130 Page 131 Page 132 Page 133 Page 134 Page 135 Page 136 Page 137 Page 138 Page 139 Page 140 Page 141 Page 142 Page 143 Page 144 Page 145 Page 146 Page 147 Page 148 Page 149 Page 150 Page 151 Page 152Made with FlippingBook - professional solution for displaying marketing and sales documents online