LTN 2017-2018 ISSUES

Let’s Talk Trash!

2017

Welcome Back To School!

Litter is a huge problem for Tennessee costing the state over $11 million dollars annually. The Keenan Group, Inc. and the Cheatham County Mayor’s office litter grant for education by T.D.O.T., and local Business sponsors are proud to announce this 2017-2018 school year-long project: ANNOUNCING THE 3RD BIennial MUSEUM OF LITTER ART PROJECT!

Full version pages: 11 - 13

Let’s Talk Trash!

United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992) Preamble We the People of the United States, in Order to f rm a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tran- quility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Auction Raises over $3,500!

One of the best celebrations we could have on gorgeous sunny spring Earth Day would “BEE PASSIONATE TENNESSEE CHEATHAM about Anti-litter!” The 2ndMuseumofLitter&Auction took placeFriday,April 22nd at theCheathamCounty Courthouse lawn. From simplewooden structures transformed into glistening and colorful art masterpieces, all of our schools presented the best of their creativity! In2014, thefirstMuseum of Litter auction raised $2,200. Not to be outdone by thefirst, the 2016Museum ofLitter and auction, presided again byStephenCarr,Auctioneer, raised a larger sum of $3,506.00! BestofShow and MostColorful awardswent toAshlandCity

The Constitution of the United States of America

C O L O R ing CONTEST! Details on page 4 Article I Section 1 All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Article I Section 2 The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifica- tions requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct Taxes shall be

Elementary, raising the largestbid of $1,000.00!On the following pages are all the entries and Honorable Mention awardwinners. Bestuse ofLitter: SycamoreAcademy. Most Creative: WestCheathamElementary. MostBeautiful: PleasantView Elementary. TechnicalExcellence: SycamoreTechEdDepartment.

Litter bags delivered with this first issue of Let’s Talk Trash News! Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be r pass d by two thirds of the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill. Article I Section 8 The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enu- meration herein before directed to be taken. No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.

Emcee:CraigKitchofCraigKitch.com

MORE DETAILS ON page 23

All proceedsare beingdistributed toall schools. Onehalfof theproceeds go to theSycamore High SchoolTechnicalEducationdepartment for building these structuresand theotherhalf is distributed to each school according to the actualbidamounts. During theSchoolyear2017-2018, a thirdMuseum ofLitterArtprojectwill be presented. This 3rd artprojectwillbe related toone ofTennessee’swildlife tobe announced at a later date.

Thank You to our Page Sponsors! apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumera- tion shall be made within three Years after the

No Preference shall be given by any Regula- tion of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. Article I Section 10 No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely nec- essary for executing its inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any

The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; To provide for the Punishment of counterfeit- ing the Securities and current Coin of the United States; To establish Post Offices and post Roads; To promote the Progress of Science and use- ful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respec- tive Writings and Discoveries; To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; To define and punish Piracies and Felonies

Photos:TimAdkins,TheAshlandCityTimes

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TheAshlandCityTimes

aaron@usstn.com Project Manager AARON WOLFE When vacancies happen in the Representa- tion from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment. Article I Section 3 first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylva- nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.

The Ashland City Times

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

Who is ?

Did you know that AO Smith is more than a water heater manufacturing company? A. O. Smith has been in operation for over 140 years having started in 1874 by Charles Jeremiah Smith. He made hardware parts for baby carriages and bicycles, and so much more! Two of his sons, then a third, Arthur Oliver Smith, joined the Milwaukee

It is well known in Cheatham County, Tennessee, that A. O. Smith purchased State Industries (State Stove) which was one of the largest water heater manufacturing companies in the US. their problems, and helping them find a better way. He believed strongly in doing business with honesty and integrity. In the 1870’s there were 30 tanneries in Milwaukee producing wooden

Charles Jeremiah Smith was born in England in 1821. At 12 years old and gifted with his hands, he whittled a model wooden ship so detailed it was displayed at the London Museum. At 16 years of age, Smith became an indentured apprentice to Maudslay Sons and Field of London where his five year apprenticeship exposed him to some of the most advanced marine machine manufacturing thinking of the time. In 1843 C.J. Smith immigrated to the United States when he was 22 years old with the intent of finding work in New York. Ultimately, Smith resided in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In 1845 he opened a blacksmith shop which he sold 5 years later and went to work for M&M Railroad where his mechanical skills served him well. Constantly learning and watching, he received a patent in 1858 for a railway station indicator , that he was able to put to use on a number of Wisconsin passenger railroads. Leaving the railroad experience behind, in the summer of 1874, C. J. Smith started another small business making hardware specialties . The machinist entrepreneur could not have imagined that his one-person business would grow and thrive

business. A. O. Smith and his brothers shared their

lasts to fashion the leather upper of shoes and boots, but the wood degraded quickly and needed frequent replacement. It was a challenge for C.J. Smith to master, and he did by creating a small component

father’s belief in technology and innovation. In 1899, during the earliest days of the automobile

by shearing a strip of sheet metal by hand and shaped the strip to a U . He then completed the rounding process in forming a die and joined the edges by brazing - applying molten solder to the edges of the metal. Slipped inside the wood, the little tube significantly lengthened the lifespan of the last. In 1888, The business that C. J. Smith founded grew quickly, supplying metal parts for baby carriages making springs, axles, hub caps, and metal braces for parasol tops. Smith also developed a method for making lightweight front forks for bicycles and within 10 years became the largest manufacturer of bicycle components in the country.

Cadillac

revolution, A. O. Smith developed a new, lightweight steel car frame. Within a few short years, he was selling these frames to a who’s who of car makers including Cadillac (One of A.O. Smith’s first customers that remained a customer for 90 years) , Oldsmobile, and Ford. (This story will continued in the Nov/Dec issue of Let’s Talk Trash-News!) C.J. Smith was a gifted machinist & entrepreneurial genius who believed if his customer had a challenge, he would face it “head on” and engineer a way to not just make it, but make it better and then faster! C.J. Smith’s mission has continued for over 140 years. With A.O. Smith’s engineering, creativity, and ingenuity, they have made a profound impact on many industries - from shoes to bombs , as well as, survived many economic obstacles and the wraths of nature. Shoe Lasts Baby Carriages Bicycles Automotive Frames Bomb Casings Large Diameter Steel Pipe Oil Stills Brewery vessels Water Heaters Electric Motors Water Softeners Glass Lined Silos Garbage Disposals ... and more to come

to become a global manufacturer with more than 10,000 employees. What C. J. Smith did know and understand was the importance of taking care of

his customers, solving

Q: What is a Shoe Last ? A: The solid form around which a shoe is molded The fit of a shoe depends on the design, shape and volume of the Shoe Last. The shoe last must represent the anatomical information of the foot, at the same time giving the finished shoe a pleasing and fashionable appearance.

The indentured apprenticeship is a system of on-the-job training going back to the guilds of the Middle Ages. Apprentices signed a contract known as an “indenture,” binding them to serve a master for seven years in exchange for learning his trade.

Let’s Talk Trash!

From the desk of ... Dr. Cathy Beck, Director of CC Schools Dear Readers, I’d like to take a moment to introduce myself. • Make every effort to learn about someone new in your class. Step out and expand your group of friends. Invite someone new to your lunch table. Call people by name and smile when you see them.

My name is Dr. Cathy Beck and I am delighted to be the new Director of Schools for Cheatham County Schools! I am so excited about school beginning this year. I have no doubt that this year will be one of the best years ever! Fall is upon us and it is that wonderful time of year when we can look forward to new school supplies, new

• Give 100% effort in classes every day. Do the work to be prepared for the next day in class. Study, read, and ask for help when you need it. • Ask questions! School is no longer about the teacher giving you the answers but rather it is more about the questions you, as a student, generate and the process you take to find the answers. Finally, I want to send my wishes to each and every one of you for the very best educational experience you can have. I hope school is a place where you know that you are loved and cared for, where you are safe, and where you can find the joy of learning. Have an amazing school year! Always, Dr. Cathy Beck Director of Schools, Cheatham County School District ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE TOGETHER

teachers, cooler evenings, fall colors, football games, and fresh starts! Think about ways that you can take control and be most successful every day. Here are some of my ideas: • Get a good night’s sleep every night. The American Pediatrics’ Society recommends 8-10 hours for children/adolescents. • Do not miss school if you can help it. Of course we want you to stay home if you are sick, but otherwise please make every attempt to be there. • Become involved in an extra-curricular activity or club at your school.

MEET JAN BUCKNER WALKER! Creator and Chief Cruciverbalist

spare moment collided. One day, she envisioned a unique crossword puzzle -- a collaborative activity that children and adults could solve together and enjoy quality time. The idea sat for awhile in her desk drawer at work, but a few years later, at the urging of her parents and husband, she plunged into the world of crossword puzzle construction, learning how to construct grids, develop themes, write clever clues and otherwise weave words into fun. She called the activity Kids Across Parents Down. Within weeks, The Washington Post launched her puzzles and became an immediate hit. Within less than a year, the crossword had become the #1 family puzzle in newspapers and also spawned a book series based on the concept. Later, while grabbing a bite to eat, Jan and her husband, Reginald, noticed that, after ordering their food, families had little to do with their time but wait. Some restaurants offered kids’ menus, but most contained coloring and other solitary activities and none offered an opportunity for kids and parents to talk to each other. She thought -- and restaurants like Cracker Barrel and McDonald’s immediately agreed -- that KAPD might be just the thing for families dining out. KAPD’s partnerships flourished, creating innovative menus with family activities that subtly steer kids and parents toward healthy eating choices.

In speaking at schools across the country, Jan discovered that KAPD had become a hit among teachers, too, who use the puzzle to provide a lively classroom activity. Teachers, who all enjoyed the popular puzzle themes, shared that they would love to see curriculum- based puzzles that could be projected on SmartBoards and ActivBoards. In response to that call, Jan has launched Kids Across Teachers Down and is rapidly developing fresh, new content for grades pre-K through 6. In addition, she is working on the launch of two KAPD iPad/iPhone apps for use in schools and at home. KAPD is truly a family business. Jan operates as President and Chief Cruciverbalist (a way- too-lofty word for crossword puzzle constructor). Reginald serves as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Constant Clue Consultant (CCC). Her parents, both educators, offer ideas and expertise in the development of the educational products and her sister, Lori, an experienced news editor, provides ongoing editorial consultation. As she likes to say, “Life can be puzzling, but the good news is that puzzling is lots of fun.” Editor’s note: We are proud to present Kids Across / Teachers Down crossword puzzles in Let’s Talk Trash-News! See page 9!

PUBLISHER / EDITOR Debbie Keenan The Keenan Group, Inc. P.O. Box / Pleasant View, TN 37146 615-746-2443 debbiekeenan@earthlink.net ©2017 by Let’s Talk Trash News! All rights reserved. No part of this issue may be reproduced in whole or in part in any form without permission of the publisher or copyright holder. Neither participating advertisers nor the publishers will be responsible or liable for misinformation, misprints or typographical errors. The publisher reserves the right to edit any submitted material. Children’s submissionsshould includename,address telephone number, and permission to publish signed by a parent or guardian. Let’s Talk Trash-News! is distributed FREE to Cheatham County schools K-8th grade with additional bundle drops at each County High School. You can also find this issue at the following locations: Community Bank & Trust, Sidelines Restaurant, Children’s Dental Health Cntr/ PV, Grace Pediatric, Frank Luppe Accounting, Regents Medical Center, Pleasant View Pharmacy, The Keenan Group, Inc., Ren Mar Center, Centre 41 / Pleasant View, HG Hill Store, Chamber of Commerce, CC School Board office, Cheatham County Libraries, Post Offices, Pleasant View and Kingston Springs

Jan has always believed that most things are more fun if you do them together. Growing up in Silver Spring, Maryland, she was an imaginative child who treasured opportunities to share time with her parents, as long as it involved laughter and fun. The same was true of school -- learning was fine, but at times, it seemed a bit monotonous and ominously serious. One day, she’d do something about that. A self-professed “word nerd,” Jan went on to college, majoring in journalism and taking on newspaper internships during the summers. Soon after, she attended and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania law school and then headed for life as a corporate attorney in suburban Chicago, where she found herself with a heavy workload (and travel schedule to match) and little spare time. But she discovered something between the airports and the friendly skies -- an urge to exercise her creative muscles whenever an idea and a

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

C O L O R ing CONTEST!

You could have your picture featured ON THE JANUARY OR MARCH COVERS!

Name______________________________ Grade_____________________________

School_____________________________ Teacher ___________________________

1. COLOR THIS PAGE! 2. SCAN & EMAIL TO:

Entries due by: NOVEMBER 1st ENTER AS MANY TIMES YOU WANT! Be sure to include your name, school, grade and Teacher’s name!

debbiekeenan@earthlink.net 3. MAIL TO: The Keenan Group, P.O. Box 458 Pleasant View, TN 37146

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

RIDDLES

1.Why do fish have fins? Fins are usually the most distinctive features of a fish. They

are composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body with skin covering them and joining them together, either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish

1. What’s the difference between a piano and a fish? 2. What do you get when you cross a shark and a snowman? 3. Which part of a fish weighs the most? 4. What’s the most musical part of a fish? 5. Which fish is the

fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve

different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright

most famous? 6. How do you confuse a fish?

position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frog fish use them for crawling.

7. Where do fish keep their money?

8. Why did the shark spit out the clown?

2. How fast can fish swim?

Some encyclopedias claim that sailfish are supposed to be the fastest fish and hit 60 miles per hour .

Let’s Talk Trash!-news is proud to present Hidden Picture Puzzles and more by Liz Ball. Meet Liz on page 19!

Liz Ball has published 13 books of Hidden Treasures, including her newest, “Farm Fun”. To order, send a check for $6.95/ book (plus $3.50 shipping) to: Hidden Pictures, P.O. Box 1460, Cleveland, GA 30528 or order online at: www. hiddenpicturepuzzles. com.

Solution on page 22

The Ashland City Times

the EXCHANGE

aaron@usstn.com c: (615)982-2998 w: (615)227-2275 f: (615)746-5211 ProjectManager AARON WOLFE

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

TRASH! TRUTH or TALE... 6 types of trash that harm local animals

The Deadly Truth about

A look at the litter that harms local wildlife and what you can do to help Be a good neighbor to our local wildlife friends by helping to remove these 6 types of harmful litter: Fishing line and accessories Fishing line can get tangled in legs and wings, and when eaten it can cause lethal obstructions. Lead weights look like food to many birds and can cause lead poisoning. Fishing line also takes a very long time to break down. Styrofoam Food remnants found on styrofoam takeout containers encourage animals to eat the container too, which can lead to choking and digestive problems. Styrofoam is quick to breakdown and the tiny pieces are eaten by fish. The Anacostia Watershed Society reported that by volume, a quarter of the trash that is collected from the river is Styrofoam. Plastic bags Aside from being a dangerous choking and digestion hazard, once consumed, plastic chemicals can cause excess hormones. In fact, over 80 percent of male small mouth bass fish in the Potomac are intersex (have female egg cells). Cigarette butts Cigarette butts are toxic for animals when eaten, are not biodegradable, and can leach toxic chemicals in the river when soaked in water. Chewing gum Gum is more than a nuisance that gets stuck to our shoes. It can get in fur and feathers and inhibit an animal’s movement. And unlike food, it doesn’t provide animals with nourishment. Balloons Innocently letting go of a balloon can mean danger for local animals. Balloons are sometimes falsely marketed as “biodegradable.” Latex balloons actually contain chemicals and take years to break down. When an animal swallows a balloon, it can block its intestinal tract, leading to starvation. SOURCE: https://potomac.org/blog/2016/10/17/litter-pollution-potomac-river-volunteer

What does “Taking for Granted” mean?

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

Fish’n for an easy WORD SEARCH !

IT IS TIME FOR ... BACK TO SCHOOL HEALTH CHECKLIST Getting your child ready in the fall for school involves more than just purchasing shiny new school supplies and trendy clothing. It also involves updating your child’s

immunizations, making appointments for routine screening tests and informing the school of any health issues your child may have. Keep track of everything during this busy time with this handy back-to-school health checklist: Immunization: Ensure your child’s preschool immunization is completed prior to entering Kindergarten to protect them against vaccine-preventable diseases. The Hepatitis B immunization is provided to Grade 5 students annually and Grade 9 students receive boosters for tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. Vision screening: Have your child’s vision tested before he starts Kindergarten (ideally by age three) and annually until age 18. As much as 80% of learning is visual, so ensuring children can see properly will help them reach their full potential in the classroom. Hearing/speech screening: If you suspect your child may have a hearing or speech problem, check with your doctor for a referral to an audiologist and/or speech specialist. An undetected problem could interfere with your child’s learning. Dental checkup: Regular dental checkups should begin by age three. If your child hasn’t had their teeth examined prior to starting school, now is a good time for it. Regular checkups and cleanings help detect and prevent dental problems early. Emergency contacts: Make sure the school has up-to-date emergency numbers, including contact information for parents, physicians, etc. Health conditions : Ensure the school has up-to-date information about any physical impairments or medical conditions your child may have, including allergies. Also inform the school about any medications your child takes. Backpack basics: Your child’s backpack should fit properly and shouldn’t be too heavy for him to carry. It shouldn’t be more than 10% to 15% of his body weight and should have broad shoulder straps and a waist strap that keeps the bag firmly on the spine. Watch for warning signs that the bag may be too heavy to carry such as sore shoulders or changes in posture. Nutrition plan: Ensure your child has a healthy breakfast before heading to school in the mornings, and help her pack a nutritious lunch. Planning meals ahead of time and involving children in planning and preparation can make this task more manageable and fun . Source: http://www.albertahealthservices.ca/576.asp

BARRACUDA BASS CARP COD DRUM EEL

FLOUNDER GAR HALIBUT HERRING MACKERAL PIRANHA

RAY SALMON SHARK SNAPPER TROUT TUNA

BRIT CARP CHUB COD

MARLIN MINNOW MULLET OPAH PERCH PIKE PIRANHA RAY RUDD SALMON SNAPPER

SNOOK SOLE SUCKER SWORD- FISH TARO TROUT TUNA WAHOO WHALE

CRAPPIE CUNNER DAB DARTER DRUM EEL FLOUNDER

Solutions on page 19

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

KEY WEST, FLORIDA Reuses scrap metal!

ust what can you do with left over metal parts and pieces from an auto repair business? The renowned late artist and sculptor George Carey, found the most creative way to give back to the community with the help of his Key West high school students in his welding class in 1986. Created by the sculptor, George Carey and his students created this outdoor sculpture of this majestic Siberian tiger, formed entirely out of scrap steel began as an emblem of the Glynn Archer School. It currently stands guard today in front of Key West City Hall at the corner of White and United Streets. As I stood courageously beside this majestic creature, I discovered that every part of this sculpture was made from scrap metal, in fact, the tale of the tiger is made from an exhaust pipe! Sculpture of “Buccaneer” created by George Carey’s metal class at Key West High School. J

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

NOTE!

As of June 2017, The Tennessee Department of Transportation has retired the StopLitter Logo and has created a new look!

Kids Across 1. The smallmouth ____ is the official state sportsfish of Tennessee 4. What a fisherman puts on his hook to try to catch a fish 8. What a fisherman grabs to wipe his brow on a hot summer day 9. Created by the Army Corps of Engineers, Nashville’s Cheatham ____ is actually a wide spot in the Cumberland River 11. A fishing ____ is a fisherman’s lucky fishing place (He often keeps it a secret from other fishermen) 12. A group of groupers (or gathering of guppies) 13. This animal, who swims on the bottom of the river, is known for his “whiskers” 15. Where the “whiskers” are located on a 13 Across 17. Like reptiles and amphibians, fish are ____-blooded animals 19. Why can’t a largemouth 1 Across keep a secret? Because he has a ____ mouth 21. With his 5-foot-long shell, the alligator snapping _____ is easy to spot as he’s fishing in the state’s rivers or lakes 22. Do you want to see something shocking? (Then tale a trip to the Tennessee Aquarium to visit the electric ____) 23. When a smallmouth bass leaps out of the lake, this is the last part of his body to go back in the water 24. It’s what wraps around a fisherman’s reel (or one of the stripes on a piece of notebook paper) Teachers OR Parents Down 2. Geometric-sounding synonym for “fisherman” 3. What a fisherman, determined not to go home empty-handed, does at the seafood market after an

4. What every single fisherman once was 5. Though I have no feet, almost 100 miles of me run through Tennessee. What am I? The Appalachian ____ 6. “Hook,” “line” and “sinker” are a _____ fisherman’s essentials 7. When a fisherman spreads his arms wide as he’s telling a big fish story, he’s describing this dimension of the fish he caught 10. If you don’t believe fishing is a shore thing, you’ll need a ____ 11. Bears love fish, but not as much as they love the sweet stuff made by the _________, our state’s official agricultural insect

The Ashland City Times

the EXCHANGE

aaron@usstn.com c: (615)982-2998 w: (615)227-2275 f: (615)746-5211 ProjectManager AARON WOLFE

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

NASA Space Place Explore Earth & Space! Earth’s Atmosphere A jacket for the planet Earth is a great planet to live on because it has a wonderful atmosphere around it. This jacket of gases does a lot for us. It keeps us warm, it gives us oxygen to breathe, and it’s where our weather happens. The atmosphere surrounds our planet like the peel of an orange. But it’s not

By Destinee 10th grade Sycamore High School

In order to understand the importance of citizenship, we first have to look at what the word really means. By definition, citizenship is the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country. However, to many others, it means so much more than that. We as Americans tend to take advantage of the opportunities that have presented themselves since the day we were born into this country. We as Americans have the right to freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and to petition the government. We as Americans have the right to vote, to bear arms, and to hold speedy trials. We as Americans have a choice...But the same is not true for the rest of the world. Thousands of people from many different countries do not have the same rights. In fact, some of them don’t even have rights at all. They can’t express their opinions the same way we do. They can’t choose who will run their nation. They are not free. That’s why a lot of them will come to the United States-they want the same opportunities. To those people, citizenship can mean a new life, a new beginning. Being a part of the U.S.A gives them the right to vote, to bear arms, and the ones protected in the first amendment. Though the citizenship process is not an easy one, they work hard for the freedom they deserve. We have been blessed since the day Columbus discovered this land, which in a way, makes us all immigrants. That is why citizenship is so important.

the same everywhere. It has different layers with different qualities.

ONE ATMOSPHERE, MANY LAYERS Earth’s atmosphere has six different layers. They go from the ground all the way to outer space.

We will discuss the first layer and the layer we call home! This is the layer that is closest to the surface of Earth and is called the troposphere. “Tropos” means change. This layer gets its name from the weather that is constantly changing and mixing up the gases in this part of our atmosphere. The troposphere is between 5 and 9 miles (8 and 14 kilometers) thick depending on where you are on Earth. It’s thinnest at the North and South Pole. This layer has the air we breathe and the clouds in the sky. The air is densest in this lowest layer. In fact, the troposphere contains three-quarters of the mass of the entire atmosphere. The air here is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. The last 1% is made of argon, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. When you feel the wind on your face, see clouds in the sky, and watch a bird flap its wings in flight, you’re experiencing the troposphere. It’s a pretty nice layer to call home.

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/troposphere/en/

Let’s Talk Trash! SEPT/OCT 2017

United States of America 1789 (rev. 1992) Preamble We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tran- quility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

The Constitution of the United States of America

convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. Article I Section 4 The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of choosing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. Article I Section 5 Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member. Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judg- ment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. Neither House, during the Session of Con- gress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Article I Section 6 The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Of- fice under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office. Article I Section 7 All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States: If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both

Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sun- days excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law. Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill. Article I Section 8 The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; To provide for the Punishment of counterfeit- ing the Securities and current Coin of the United States; To establish Post Offices and post Roads; To promote the Progress of Science and use- ful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respec- tive Writings and Discoveries; To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations; To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; To raise and support Armies, but no Appropria- tion of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; To provide and maintain a Navy; To make Rules for the Government and Regu- lation of the land and naval Forces; To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insur- rections and repel Invasions; To provide for organizing, arming, and disci- plining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respec- tively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places pur- chased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;-And To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the forego- ing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United

States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. Article I Section 9 The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or enu- meration herein before directed to be taken. No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State. No Preference shall be given by any Regula- tion of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. Article I Section 10 No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely nec- essary for executing its inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Control of the Congress. No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. Article II Section 1 The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows: Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of

Article I Section 1 All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Article I Section 2 The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifica- tions requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumera- tion shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylva- nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the Representa- tion from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment. Article I Section 3 The Senate of the United States shall be com- posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be

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