1 Table of contents 341

10032026 BST V20

1. List of Abbreviations		7
2. Terms and Definitions		8
3. Change Log		11
4. Scope		12
5. General requirements for the Basic Safety Training		13
5.1 Overview		13
5.2 Target Group		13
5.3 Aims and Objectives		14
5.4 Duration of Training		14
5.5 Validity Period		15
5.6 Course Codes		15
5.7 Participant Prerequisites for the BST		16
6. Using this Standard to Develop Training		16
7. First Aid Initial Training		18
7.1 Aim and Objectives of First Aid Initial Training		18
7.2 Duration of the First Aid Initial Training		18
7.3 First Aid Initial Training Participant Ratio		18
7.4 Equipment for the First Aid Initial Training		19
7.5 First Aid Initial Training Timetable		19
7.6 Detailed Description of the First Aid Initial Training		20
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		20
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		20
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		21
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		21
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		22
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (participant performance assessment form)		23
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		23
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		24
Lesson 2 - Lifesaving First Aid using primary survey and the First Aid structure		25
ELEMENT 2.1 - Management of a First Aid incident in a WTG environment		26
ELEMENT 2.2 - Primary survey “C” A - B – C		26
ELEMENT 2.3 - “C”- Catastrophic External Bleeding		28
ELEMENT 2.4 - Unresponsive		30
ELEMENT 2.5 - Obstruction of airways		31
ELEMENT 2.6 - CPR: Unresponsive, not breathing		31
ELEMENT 2.7 - Bleeding and shock		33
Lesson 3 - Providing First Aid to relevant incidents in the wind industry		34
ELEMENT 3.1 - Burns		35
ELEMENT 3.2 - Chemical contacts to the eye		35
ELEMENT 3.3 - Medical emergency situations: Heart attack & stroke		36
ELEMENT 3.4 - Hypothermia		36
ELEMENT 3.5 - Fractures		37
ELEMENT 3.6 - Head to toe examination		37
Lesson 4 - Scenario-based training		38
Lesson 5 - Training review		40
ELEMENT 5.1 - Training review		41
ELEMENT 5.2 - Feedback session		41
8. First Aid Refresher Training		43
8.1 Aims and Objectives for the First Aid Refresher Training		43
8.2 Duration of the First Aid Refresher Training		43
8.3 First Aid Refresher Training Participant Ratio		43
8.4 Equipment for the First Aid Refresher Training		44
8.5 First Aid Refresher Training Timetable		44
8.6 Participant Prerequisites for First Aid Refresher Training		45
8.7 Detailed Description of the First Aid Refresher Training		45
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		45
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		45
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		46
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		46
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		47
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (Participant assessment form)		48
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		48
Lesson 2 - First aid skill stations		49
ELEMENT 2.1 - Warm-up		50
ELEMENT 2.2 - Skill station: Initial actions upon arriving on the accident site		50
ELEMENT 2.3 - Skill station: Primary Survey and Head to Toe Examination		51
ELEMENT 2.4 - Skill station: Management of Catastrophic Bleeding		51
ELEMENT 2.5 - Skill station: Recovery Position		52
ELEMENT 2.6 - Skill station: CPR		52
Lesson 3 - First Aid Training Scenarios		53
ELEMENT 3.1 - warm-up		54
ELEMENT 3.2 - Training scenario: Electrical Incident		54
ELEMENT 3.3 - Training scenario: Fall from height		55
ELEMENT 3.4 - Training scenario: Heart attack		56
ELEMENT 3.5 - Training scenario: Major bleed		57
Lesson 4 - Training review		58
ELEMENT 4.1 - Training review		59
ELEMENT 4.2 - Feedback session		59
9. Manual Handling Initial Training		61
9.1 Aims and Objectives of Manual Handling Initial Training		61
9.2 Duration of the Manual Handling Initial Training		61
9.3 Manual Handling Initial Training Participant Ratio		61
9.4 Equipment for the Manual Handling Initial Training		62
9.5 Manual Handling Initial Training Timetable		62
9.6 Detailed Description of Manual Handling Initial Training		63
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		63
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		63
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		64
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		64
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		65
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (Participant performance assessment form)		65
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		66
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		67
ELEMENT 1.8 - Behavioural safety		68
Lesson 2 - Injuries, Symptoms and Essential Manual Handling Principles		69
ELEMENT 2.1 - How to avoid common musculoskeletal injuries in the wind industry		70
ELEMENT 2.2 - Typical symptoms of injuries		71
ELEMENT 2.3 - Essential manual handling principles		72
ELEMENT 2.4 - Basic dynamic risk assessment and introduction to TILE principle		74
Lesson 3 - Warm up activities		75
ELEMENT 3.1 - Warm up activities		75
Lesson 4 - Manual handling principles		76
ELEMENT 4.1 - Working over shoulder height		77
ELEMENT 4.2 - Working while kneeling		78
ELEMENT 4.3 - Push and pull		79
ELEMENT 4.4 - Carrying		79
ELEMENT 4.5 - Lifting		80
ELEMENT 4.6 - Work with handheld tools		81
ELEMENT 4.7 - Awkward postures		83
Lesson 5 - Training review		83
ELEMENT 5.1 - Training review		84
ELEMENT 5.2 - Feedback session		84
10. Manual Handling Refresher Training		86
10.1 Aims and Objectives of the Manual Handling Refresher Training		86
10.2 Duration of the Manual Handling Refresher Training		86
10.3 Manual Handling Refresher Training Participant Ratio		86
10.4 Equipment for the Manual Handling Refresher Training		87
10.5 Manual Handling Refresher Training Timetable		87
10.6 Participant Prerequisites for Manual Handling Refresher Training		88
10.7 Detailed Description of the Manual Handling Refresher Training		88
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		88
ELEMENT 1.1 - SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES		88
ELEMENT 1.2 - facilities		89
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		89
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope And Main Learning Objectives		90
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing Assessments (Participant Performance Assessment Form)		91
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		91
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		92
ELEMENT 1.8 - Behavioural safety		93
Lesson 2 - Manual Handling Skill Stations		94
ELEMENT 2.1 - warm-up		95
ELEMENT 2.2 - Skill Station: TILE		95
ELEMENT 2.3 - Skill station: Working Over Shoulder Height		96
ELEMENT 2.4 - Skill station: Pushing and Pulling		96
ELEMENT 2.5 - Skill Station: Lifting and Carrying		97
ELEMENT 2.6 - Skill Station: Working While Kneeling, Using Hand Tools & in Awkward postures		97
Lesson 3 - Manual Handling Training Scenarios		98
ELEMENT 3.1 - warm-up		99
ELEMENT 3.2 - Training scenario: Maintenance task		99
ELEMENT 3.3 - Team Lifting		100
ELEMENT 3.4 - Training scenario: Equipment Collection for Mobilisation		101
Lesson 4 - Training review		102
ELEMENT 4.1 - Training review		102
ELEMENT 4.2 - Feedback session		102
11. Fire Awareness Initial Training		104
11.1 Aims and Objectives of Fire Awareness Initial Training		104
11.2 Duration of the Fire Awareness Initial Training		104
11.3 Fire Awareness Initial Training Participant Ratio		105
11.4 Equipment for Fire Awareness Initial Training		105
11.5 Fire Awareness Initial Training Timetable		105
11.6 Detailed Description of the Fire Awareness Initial Training		106
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		106
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		107
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		107
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		108
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objective		108
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (Participant performance assessment form)		109
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		109
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		110
Lesson 2 - Legislation		111
ELEMENT 2.1 - Global legislation		112
ELEMENT 2.2 - National legislation		112
Lesson 3 - Fire combustion and fire spread		113
ELEMENT 3.1 - Types of fires		113
ELEMENT 3.2 - Fire triangle		114
ELEMENT 3.3 - Fire spread		114
ELEMENT 3.4 - Fire Gases		115
Lesson 4 - Fire extinguishing		116
ELEMENT 4.1 - Contingency plan		116
ELEMENT 4.2 - Assessing the fire		117
ELEMENT 4.3 - Fire Classes		118
Lesson 5 - Fire prevention		119
ELEMENT 5.1 - Fire hazards		119
ELEMENT 5.2 - Fire prevention measures		120
Lesson 6 - Firefighting equipment in a WTG		121
ELEMENT 6.1 - Pre-use inspection		121
ELEMENT 6.2 - Correct use of firefighting equipment		122
Lesson 7 - Practice and scenario-based training		123
ELEMENT 7.1 - Practice		123
ELEMENT 7.2 - Scenario-based training		124
Lesson 8 - Training review		125
ELEMENT 8.1 - Training review		125
ELEMENT 8.2 - Feedback session		126
12. Fire Awareness Refresher Training		128
12.1 Aims and Objectives of the Fire Awareness Refresher Training		128
12.2 Duration of the Fire Awareness Refresher Training		128
12.3 Fire Awareness Refresher Training Participant Ratio		129
12.4 Equipment for Fire Awareness Refresher Training		129
12.5 Fire Awareness Refresher Training Timetable		129
12.6 Participant Prerequisites for Fire Awareness Refresher Training		130
12.7 Detailed Description of the Fire Awareness Refresher Training		130
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		130
ELEMENT 1.1 - SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES		131
ELEMENT 1.2 - facilities		131
ELEMENT 1.3 - introduction		132
ELEMENT 1.4 - SCOPE AND MAIN LEARNING OBJECTIVE		132
ELEMENT 1.5 - ONGOING ASSESSMENTS (PARTICIPANT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FORM)		133
ELEMENT 1.6 - motivation		133
ELEMENT 1.7 - human factors		134
Lesson 2 - Fire Awareness Skill stations		135
ELEMENT 2.1 - warm-up		136
ELEMENT 2.2 - Skill station: Pre-use inspection of firefighting equipment		136
ELEMENT 2.3 - Skill station: Using fire extinguishers		137
ELEMENT 2.4 - Skill station: Using fire blankets		137
ELEMENT 2.5 - Skill station: Escape from a Smoke-Filled Environment		138
Lesson 3 - Fire Awareness Training Scenarios		138
ELEMENT 3.2 - warm-up		139
ELEMENT 3.3 - Training scenario: Escape and evacuate colleague		140
Lesson 4 - Training review		141
ELEMENT 4.1 - Training review		141
ELEMENT 4.2 - Feedback session		141
13. Working at Height Initial Training		144
13.1 Aims and Objectives of Working at Height Initial Training		144
13.2 Duration of Working at Height Initial Training		144
13.3 Working at Height Initial Training Participant Ratio		144
13.4 Equipment for Working at Height Initial Training		145
13.5 Working at Height Initial Training Timetable		146
13.6 Detailed Description of Working at Height Initial Training		149
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		149
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		149
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		150
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		150
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		151
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessment (Participant performance assessment form)		151
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		152
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		152
Lesson 2 - Legislation		154
ELEMENT 2.1 - Global legislation		154
ELEMENT 2.2 - National legislation		155
Lesson 3 - Harness		155
ELEMENT 3.1 - Pre-use inspection		156
ELEMENT 3.2 - Fitting		157
ELEMENT 3.3 - Periodic inspections		158
ELEMENT 3.4 - Documentation		158
ELEMENT 3.5 - Maintenance		159
Lesson 4 - Fall prevention		159
ELEMENT 4.1 - Fall prevention over fall arrest		159
ELEMENT 4.2 - Pre-use inspection		160
ELEMENT 4.3 - Correct attachment to anchor points		161
ELEMENT 4.4 - Correct attachment to the harness		162
ELEMENT 4.5 - work positioning lanyards		163
Lesson 5 - Fall arrest: Vertical fall arrest systems		163
ELEMENT 5.1 - Legal requirements		164
ELEMENT 5.2 - Pre-use inspection		164
ELEMENT 5.3 - Correct attachment and detachment		166
ELEMENT 5.4 - Correct use		166
ELEMENT 5.5 - Periodic inspections and correct documentation		167
Lesson 6 - Fall arrest: Fall arrest lanyards		168
ELEMENT 6.1 - Legal requirements		168
ELEMENT 6.2 - Pre-use inspection		168
ELEMENT 6.3 - Correct attachment to the harness		170
ELEMENT 6.4 - Fall factor		170
ELEMENT 6.5 - Fall indicators		171
ELEMENT 6.6 - fall arrest lanyards		172
ELEMENT 6.7 - Approved anchor points for attachment		172
ELEMENT 6.8 - The importance of always using fall arrest systems		173
Lesson 7 - Dropped objects		173
ELEMENT 7.1 - Risks		173
ELEMENT 7.2 - Risk reduction		175
Lesson 8 - Self-retracting lifelines		177
ELEMENT 8.1 - Fall arrest Systems During Actual Work in a Wind Turbine		178
ELEMENT 8.2 - Different allowed maximum angles		178
ELEMENT 8.3 - Correct attachment to the harness		179
ELEMENT 8.4 - Approved anchor points for SRLs		179
ELEMENT 8.5 - Pre-use inspection		180
Lesson 9 - Measures to prevent injury during training		181
ELEMENT 9.1 - Control measures and warm-up		181
Lesson 10 - Practical exercises		182
ELEMENT 10.1 - Vertical fall arrest systems		182
ELEMENT 10.2 - Fall prevention		183
ELEMENT 10.3 - Fall arrest lanyards		184
Lesson 11 - Emergency procedures		185
ELEMENT 11.1 - Contents of an evacuation kit		185
ELEMENT 11.2 - Preparing equipment for use		185
ELEMENT 11.3 - Safe and correct evacuation		187
ELEMENT 11.4 - Safe behaviour		188
Lesson 12 - PFPE review		189
ELEMENT 12.1 - The individual parts of the PFPE		190
Lesson 13 - Risks, hazards and suspension trauma		190
ELEMENT 13.1 - Using the Working at Height Initial Training		190
ELEMENT 13.2 - Suspension Trauma		190
Lesson 14 - Rescue devices and rigging setup		191
ELEMENT 14.1 - The individual parts of different rescue devices		191
ELEMENT 14.2 - Correct use of rescue devices and Slings		193
Lesson 15 - Measures to prevent injury during training		195
ELEMENT 15.1 - Control measures and warm-up		195
Lesson 16 - Rescue exercises		196
ELEMENT 16.1 - Rescue situations in wind turbines		196
ELEMENT 16.2 - Safe and correct rescue		197
ELEMENT 16.3 - Correct behaviour on the ladder with PFPE		198
Lesson 17 - Training review		200
ELEMENT 17.1 - Training review		200
ELEMENT 17.2 - Feedback session		200
13.7 Participant Performance Assessment		201
14. Working at Height Refresher Training		203
14.1 Aims and Objectives of the Working at Height Refresher Training		203
14.2 Duration of the Working at Height Refresher Training		203
14.3 Working at Height Refresher Training Instructor to Participant Ratio		203
14.4 Equipment for the Working at Height Refresher Training		204
14.5 Working at Height Refresher Training Timetable		205
14.6 Participant Prerequisites for Working at Height Refresher Training		206
14.7 Detailed Description of the Working at Height Refresher Training		206
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		206
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		207
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		207
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		208
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		208
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (Participant performance assessment form)		209
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		210
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		210
Lesson 2 - Working at Height Skill stations		212
ELEMENT 2.1 - warm-up		212
ELEMENT 2.2 - Skill station: Inspection of Personal Fall Protection Equipment PFPE		213
ELEMENT 2.3 - Skill station: Systems to prevent fall from height		213
ELEMENT 2.4 - Skill station: Work Positioning		214
ELEMENT 2.5 - Skill station: Fall Arrest Lanyards		215
ELEMENT 2.6 - Skill station: Rescue Kit and evacuation		216
Lesson 3 - Working at Height Training Scenarios		216
ELEMENT 3.1 - warm-up		218
ELEMENT 3.2 - Training scenario: Double Evacuation with Evacuation Device		218
ELEMENT 3.3 - Training scenarios: Rescue an Injured Person from a Ladder		218
Lesson 4 - Training review		219
ELEMENT 4.1 - Training review		219
ELEMENT 4.2 - Feedback Session		220
14.8 Participant Performance Assessment		220
15. Sea Survival Initial Training		223
15.1 Aims and Objectives of the Sea Survival Initial Training		223
15.2 Instructor Qualification Prerequisites		223
15.3 Duration of Sea Survival Initial Training		223
15.4 Instructor to Participant Ratio		224
15.5 Equipment for Sea Survival Initial Training		224
15.6 Sea Survival Initial Training Timetable		224
15.7 Detailed Description of the Sea Survival Initial Training		226
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		226
ELEMENT 1.1 - Safety instructions and emergency procedures		227
ELEMENT 1.2 - Facilities		227
ELEMENT 1.3 - Introduction		228
ELEMENT 1.4 - Scope and main learning objectives		228
ELEMENT 1.5 - Ongoing assessments (Participant performance assessment form)		229
ELEMENT 1.6 - Motivation		229
ELEMENT 1.7 - Human factors		230
Lesson 2 - Safety culture and legacy		231
Lesson 3 - Cold water immersion		232
ELEMENT 3.1 - Exposure		232
ELEMENT 3.2 - Cold shock		233
ELEMENT 3.3 - Hypothermia		233
ELEMENT 3.4 - Drowning		234
ELEMENT 3.5 - Sea sickness		234
ELEMENT 3.6 - Contaminated water		235
Lesson 4 - Life saving appliance (LSA) and PPE		235
ELEMENT 4.1 - Personal LSA and PPE		236
ELEMENT 4.2 - Collective LSA		236
Lesson 5 - Search and rescue and global maritime distress & safety systems		237
ELEMENT 5.1 - SAR		237
ELEMENT 5.2 - GMDSS and transponders		238
ELEMENT 5.3 - Physical actions to enhance detection		238
Lesson 6 - Practical sea survival		239
ELEMENT 6.1 - Correct donning and use of LSA and PPE		239
ELEMENT 6.2 - Risks related to evacuation into water		240
ELEMENT 6.3 - Warm up		241
ELEMENT 6.4 - Controlled entry into the water from transition piece (TP) ladder		241
ELEMENT 6.5 - Individual and collective swimming techniques		243
ELEMENT 6.6 - Correct usage of life raft		243
ELEMENT 6.7 - Emergency descent by constant rate descender		244
ELEMENT 6.8 - Summary by exercise		246
Lesson 7 - Safe travel and transfer (theory)		247
ELEMENT 7.1 - Safety introduction on board transfer vessel		247
ELEMENT 7.2 - Hazards related to different types of transfers		247
ELEMENT 7.3 - Transfer vessels		248
ELEMENT 7.4 - Safe transfer from vessel to WTG (Theory)		249
ELEMENT 7.5 - Safe transfer from vessel to vessel and dock to vessel (Theory)		249
ELEMENT 7.6 - Safe handling of equipment and storage		250
Lesson 8 - Awareness of motion-compensated gangways (W2W)		250
ELEMENT 8.1 - Introduction to motion-compensated gangways		251
ELEMENT 8.2 - Signals and alarms		251
ELEMENT 8.3 - Risks and unsafe behaviour		252
ELEMENT 8.4 - Safe behaviour during transfers		253
ELEMENT 8.5 - PreparationPreperation for transfers		253
ELEMENT 8.6 - Role of the transferee		254
Lesson 9 - Installations, vessels and WTGS		255
ELEMENT 9.1 - Safety on board		255
ELEMENT 9.2 - Person overboard procedures (POB)		256
Lesson 10 - Transfer practical		256
ELEMENT 10.1 - Procedures for transfer between Crew Transfer vessel and wind turbine generator tranisiton piece		257
ELEMENT 10.2 - Safe transfer between crew transfer vessel and wind turbine generator transition piece		259
Lesson 11 - Training review		261
ELEMENT 11.1 - Training review		261
ELEMENT 11.2 - Feedback session		262
16. Sea Survival Refresher Training		264
16.1 Aims and Objectives of the Sea Survival Refresher Training		264
16.2 Instructor Qualification Prerequisites		264
16.3 Duration of the Sea Survival Refresher Training		264
16.4 Instructor to Participant Ratio		265
16.5 Equipment for Sea Survival Refresher Training		265
16.6 Sea Survival Refresher Training Timetable		265
16.7 Participant Prerequisites for Sea Survival Refresher Training		266
16.8 Detailed Description of the Sea Survival Refresher Training		266
Lesson 1 - Introduction to the training		266
ELEMENT 1.1 - SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES		267
ELEMENT 1.2 - facilities		267
ELEMENT 1.3 - introduction		268
ELEMENT 1.4 - SCOPE AND MAIN LEARNING OBJECTIVES		269
ELEMENT 1.5 - ONGOING ASSESSMENTS (PARTICIPANT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FORM)		269
ELEMENT 1.6 - motivation		270
ELEMENT 1.7 - human factors		270
Lesson 2 - Sea Survival Skill stations		272
ELEMENT 2.1 - warm-up		272
ELEMENT 2.2 - Skill station: Individual LSA, PPE, and PFPE		273
ELEMENT 2.3 - Skill Station: Motion-Compensated Gangways (W2W Systems)		273
ELEMENT 2.4 - Skill station: Safe Transfer		274
ELEMENT 2.5 - Skill station: Controlled entry into the water from TP Ladder		275
ELEMENT 2.6 - Skill Station: Individual and Collective Swimming Techniques		275
ELEMENT 2.7 - Skill Station: Evacuation from CTV		276
ELEMENT 2.8 - Skill station: Correct Use of a Life Raft		276
ELEMENT 2.9 - Skill station: Double Evacuation into the Water		277
Lesson 3 - Sea Survival Training Scenarios		278
ELEMENT 3.1 - warm-up		279
ELEMENT 3.2 - Training scenario: Emergency Evacuation from a Crew Transfer Vessel (CTV)		279
ELEMENT 3.3 - Training scenario: Emergency Evacuation from WTG – Transition Piece (TP)		280
Lesson 4 - Training review		281
ELEMENT 4.1 - Training review		281
ELEMENT 4.2 - Feedback session		281
Annex 1 - Equipment list		284
Annex 2 - Guidline for warm-up exercises		291
Annex 3 - Manual handling risk assessment		298
Annex 4 - Guidance on Skill Stations and Scenarios		307
Annex 5 - Version History		310

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